Complex number

An complex number, ha matematika, amo an numbero nga kalakip an usa ka tinu-od nga ihap (real number) ngan ginhunahunaan nga ihap (imaginary number). Puydi ini igsurat ha pamaagi han a + bi, kun diin an a ngan b amo an mga tinu-od nga ihap, ngan i an ginhunahunaan nga ihap nga may kinaaiya nga i² = −1.

Mga reperensya

Mga pan-matematika nga reperensya

• Ahlfors, Lars (1979), Complex analysis (3rd ed.), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 978-0-07-000657-7
• Conway, John B. (1986), Functions of One Complex Variable I, Springer, ISBN 0-387-90328-3
• Joshi, Kapil D. (1989), Foundations of Discrete Mathematics, New York: John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-0-470-21152-6
• Pedoe, Dan (1988), Geometry: A comprehensive course, Dover, ISBN 0-486-65812-0
• Press, WH; Teukolsky, SA; Vetterling, WT; Flannery, BP (2007), "Section 5.5 Complex Arithmetic", Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing (3rd ed.), New York: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-88068-8, http://apps.nrbook.com/empanel/index.html?pg=225
• Solomentsev, E.D. (2001), "Complex number", in Hazewinkel, Michiel, Encyclopedia of Mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-1-55608-010-4, http://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=c/c024140

Mga makasaysayan nga reperensya

• Burton, David M. (1995), The History of Mathematics (3rd ed.), New York: McGraw-Hill, ISBN 978-0-07-009465-9
• Katz, Victor J. (2004), A History of Mathematics, Brief Version, Addison-Wesley, ISBN 978-0-321-16193-2
• Nahin, Paul J. (1998), An Imaginary Tale: The Story of $\scriptstyle\sqrt{-1}$ (hardcover ed.), Princeton University Press, ISBN 0-691-02795-1

  A gentle introduction to the history of complex numbers and the beginnings of complex analysis.

• H.-D. Ebbinghaus ... (1991), Numbers (hardcover ed.), Springer, ISBN 0-387-97497-0

  An advanced perspective on the historical development of the concept of number.

Padugang nga barasahon

• The Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe, by Roger Penrose; Alfred A. Knopf, 2005; ISBN 0-679-45443-8. Chapters 4–7 in particular deal extensively (and enthusiastically) with complex numbers.
• Unknown Quantity: A Real and Imaginary History of Algebra, by John Derbyshire; Joseph Henry Press; ISBN 0-309-09657-X (hardcover 2006). A very readable history with emphasis on solving polynomial equations and the structures of modern algebra.
• Visual Complex Analysis, by Tristan Needham; Clarendon Press; ISBN 0-19-853447-7 (hardcover, 1997). History of complex numbers and complex analysis with compelling and useful visual interpretations.
• Conway, John B., Functions of One Complex Variable I (Graduate Texts in Mathematics), Springer; 2 edition (September 12, 2005). ISBN 0-387-90328-3.

Mga sumpay ha gawas

• Hazewinkel, Michiel, ed. (2001), "Complex number", Encyclopedia of Mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-1-55608-010-4, http://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=p/c024140
• Introduction to Complex Numbers from Khan Academy
• Imaginary Numbers on In Our Time at the BBC.
• Euler's work on Complex Roots of Polynomials at Convergence. MAA Mathematical Sciences Digital Library.
• John and Betty's Journey Through Complex Numbers
• The Origin of Complex Numbers by John H. Mathews and Russell W. Howell
• Dimensions: a math film. Chapter 5 presents an introduction to complex arithmetic and stereographic projection. Chapter 6 discusses transformations of the complex plane, Julia sets, and the Mandelbrot set.