Hiruhimangraw:Juniperus communis

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Sumala ha Catalogue of life, mabibilngan ini nga species ha "Temperate Eurasia, North America N of Mexico. Juniperus communis is the most widely distributed conifer species in the world, with a circumpolar distribution extending from ca. 70º N in Alaska, Scandinavia and Siberia to ca. 28º N in the Himalaya. Comprehensive area maps are given in Hegi's Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Zoller, 1981) and Hultén & Fries (1986). Zoller presents an inclusive outline map of the species; Hultén & Fries map six varieties separately, one of these is not here recognised (var. hemisphaerica in the Mediterranean and W Asia). Both maps show some scattered dots in central China, but the species is not recorded in Flora of China (Fu & al., 1999). In this study, it has been found to occur in border mountains of Xinjiang in NW China and in Jilin in NE China. The subalpine form, var. saxatilis (var. montana in Hultén & Fries, 1986, subsp. nana in Flora of Alaska, Hultén, 1968) does extend into the W Himalaya but not (far) into Xizang (Tibet). Confusion with J. pingii and J. squamata is the likely source of these errors. This variety has the widest distribution, in Eurasia it is almost coincident with the species as a whole. In the colder parts of the boreal forest zone and in the subarctic and arctic tundras it occurs in lowlands as well as mountains and only in lower latitudes does it retreat to similar climatic zones in mountain systems, with the W Himalaya as its most southern outlier. Juniperus communis var. communis extends from Spain eastward accross Europe to central Siberia and is essentially a lowland form reaching higher altitudes only along its southern fringe in the Mediterranean, the Caucasus and Elburz mountains. It is more polymorphic than var. saxatilis as it occurs in more diverse habitats. Distribution patterns are still only vaguely outlined in NE Asia, but it seems that var. nipponica is indeed geographically separated, occurring only in Japan and the southern Kuriles. In North America three varieties occur (Flora of North America, Adams, 1993). Hultén & Fries (1986) map J. communis var. montana (= var. saxatilis) across Canada, Alaska and the Rocky Mountains, but in Flora of North America most of that range is instead assigned to var. depressa, with var. montana restricted to S Greenland and from British Columbia in Canada south to California. However, it does occur in coastal Alaska. Sometimes the distinction between the two varieties is difficult to make out in herbarium specimens. The W American populations of var. saxatilis are then quite disjunct from the E Asian ones as nearly all of the dots in Flora of Alaska (Hultén, 1968) should be assigned to var. depressa. This variety reaches its southernmost limits in N Georgia and W Texas. The much more restricted var. megistocarpa appears to be limited to the maritime region of E Canada.. TDWG: 10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT-AU AUT-LI BGM-BE BGM-LU CZE-CZ CZE-SK GER HUN NET POL SWI 12 BAL COR FRA-CI FRA-FR POR SAR SPA-AN SPA-GI SPA-SP 13 ALB BUL GRC ITA-IT KRI ROM SIC-SI TUE YUG-BH YUG-CR YUG-KO YUG-MA YUG-MN YUG-SE YUG-SL 14 BLR BLT-ES BLT-KA BLT-LA BLT-LI KRY RUC RUE RUN RUS RUW UKR-MO UKR-UK 30 ALT BRY CTA IRK KRA TVA WSB YAK 31 AMU KAM KHA KUR MAG PRM SAK 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 NCS TCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ LBS-LB LBS-SY TUR 36 CHI-NM CHM CHX 37 MON 38 JAP-HK JAP-HN KOR-NK KOR-SK 40 NEP PAK WHM-HP WHM-JK WHM-UT 70 ASK GNL NUN NWT YUK 71 ABT BRC MAN SAS 72 LAB NBR NFL-NE NFL-SP NSC ONT PEI QUE 73 COL IDA MNT ORE WAS WYO 74 ILL IOW KAN MIN MSO NDA NEB OKL SDA WIS 75 CNT INI MAI MAS MIC NWH NWJ NWY OHI PEN RHO VER WVA 76 ARI CAL NEV UTA 77 NWM 78 GEO KTY NCA SCA TEN VRG". Alayon pagbulig hiton paghubad o paghatag hin kadugangan nga kasayoran hinin nga artikulo.: <ref name = "COL"/>[1] Lsjbot (hiruhimangraw) 20:10, 30 Mayo 2014 (UTC)