Nikotina
(Ginredirect tikang ha Nicotine)
An nikotina[1] amo an alkaloid nga mabibilngan ha banay nightshade han tanom (Solanaceae) nga mayda banabana nga 0.6 ngadto ha 3.0% han mamara nga timbang han tabako, nga mayda nanhitabo nga biosynthesis ha mga ugat, ngan natirok ha iya mga dahon.
Pinanbasaran[igliwat | Igliwat an wikitext]
- ↑ Abuyen, Tomas A. DICTIONARY English Waray-Waray/Tagalog. National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. ISBN 971-08-6529-3 Pakli Ihap 234.
Padugang nga barasahon[igliwat | Igliwat an wikitext]
- Bilkei-Gorzo A, Rácz I, Michel K, Darvas M, Rafael Maldonado López, Zimmer A. (2008). "A common genetic predisposition to stress sensitivity and stress-induced nicotine craving". Biol. Psychiatry. 63 (2): 164–71. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.010. PMID 17570348.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Gorrod, John W.; Peyton, Jacob,III, eds. (16 Nobyembre 1999). Analytical Determination of Nicotine and Related Compounds and their Metabolites. Amsterdam: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-08-052551-8.
- Willoughby JO, Pope KJ, Eaton V (Septyembre 2003). "Nicotine as an antiepileptic agent in ADNFLE: an N-of-one study". Epilepsia. 44 (9): 1238–40. doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2003.11903.x. PMID 12919397.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Minna JD (Enero 2003). "Nicotine exposure and bronchial epithelial cell nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression in the pathogenesis of lung cancer". J Clin Invest. 111 (1): 31–3. doi:10.1172/JCI17492. PMC 151841. PMID 12511585.
- Fallon JH, Keator DB, Mbogori J, Taylor D, Potkin SG (Marso 2005). "Gender: a major determinant of brain response to nicotine". Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 8 (1): 17–26. doi:10.1017/S1461145704004730. PMID 15579215.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- West KA, Brognard J, Clark AS; et al. (Enero 2003). "Rapid Akt activation by nicotine and a tobacco carcinogen modulates the phenotype of normal human airway epithelial cells". J Clin Invest. 111 (1): 81–90. doi:10.1172/JCI16147. PMC 151834. PMID 12511591. Explicit use of et al. in:
|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Erowid information on tobacco
Mga sumpay ha gawas[igliwat | Igliwat an wikitext]
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An Wikimedia Commons mayda media nga nahahanungod han: Nicotine |
- Description of nicotine mechanisms
- Erowid Nicotine Vault : Nicotine Material Safety Data Sheet
- Thomas, Gareth AO; Rhodes, John; Ingram, John R (2005). "Mechanisms of Disease: Nicotine—a review of its actions in the context of gastrointestinal disease". Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2 (11): 536. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep0316.
- CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards