An pagkakaiba han mga rebisyon han "Kasahiran nga relatibidad"

Tikang ha Wikipedia
Content deleted Content added
Ginsasaliwanan an pakli han 'thumb An '''Kasahiran nga teyorya han relatividad''' (Iningles: ''General relativity'' o ''general theory of relativity'') amo...'
tag: Replaced
 
Bagis 5: Bagis 5:
==Pinanbasaran==
==Pinanbasaran==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==Mga reperensya==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{Citation
|last=Alpher
|first=R. A.
|authorlink=Ralph Asher Alpher
|last2=Herman
|first2=R. C.
|date=1948
|title=Evolution of the universe
|journal=Nature
|volume=162
|issue=4124
|pages=774–775
|doi=10.1038/162774b0
|bibcode=1948Natur.162..774A
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Anderson
|first=J. D.
|first2=J. K.
|last2=Campbell
|first3=R. F.
|last3=Jurgens
|last4=Lau
|first4=E. L.
|date=1992
|contribution=Recent developments in solar-system tests of general relativity
|editor-last=Sato
|editor-first=H.
|editor2-first=T.
|editor2-last=Nakamura
|title=Proceedings of the Sixth Marcel Großmann Meeting on General Relativity
|publisher=World Scientific
|isbn=981-02-0950-9
|pages=353–355
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Arnold
|first=V. I.
|authorlink=Vladimir Arnold
|title=Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics
|publisher=Springer
|date=1989
|isbn=3-540-96890-3
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Arnowitt
|first=Richard
|authorlink=Richard Arnowitt
|first2=Stanley
|last2=Deser
|author2-link=Stanley Deser
|first3=Charles W.
|last3=Misner
|author3-link=Charles W. Misner
|date=1962
|contribution=The dynamics of general relativity
|editor-last=Witten
|editor-first=Louis
|title=Gravitation: An Introduction to Current Research
|publisher=Wiley
|pages=227–265
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Arun
|first=K.G.
|last2=Blanchet
|first2=L.
|last3=Iyer
|first3=B. R.
|last4=Qusailah
|first4=M. S. S.
|date=2007
|title=Inspiralling compact binaries in quasi-elliptical orbits: The complete 3PN energy flux
|arxiv=0711.0302
|bibcode = 2008PhRvD..77f4035A |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.064035
|journal=Physical Review D
|volume=77
|issue=6 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Ashby
|first=Neil
|title=Relativity and the Global Positioning System
|url=http://www.ipgp.jussieu.fr/~tarantola/Files/Professional/GPS/Neil_Ashby_Relativity_GPS.pdf
|format=PDF| journal=Physics Today
|volume=55
|pages=41–47
|date=2002
|doi=10.1063/1.1485583
| issue=5|bibcode = 2002PhT....55e..41A }}
* {{Citation
|last=Ashby
|first=Neil
|title=Relativity in the Global Positioning System
|url=http://relativity.livingreviews.org/Articles/lrr-2003-1/index.html
|journal=[http://relativity.livingreviews.org/ Living Reviews in Relativity]
|volume=6
|date=2003
|accessdate=2007-07-06
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Ashtekar
|first=Abhay
|authorlink=Abhay Ashtekar
|title=New variables for classical and quantum gravity
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=57
|pages=2244–2247
|date=1986
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.57.2244
|pmid=10033673
|issue=18
|bibcode=1986PhRvL..57.2244A
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Ashtekar
|first=Abhay
|title=New Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity
|journal=Phys. Rev.
|volume=D36
|issue=6
|pages=1587–1602
|date=1987
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.36.1587
|bibcode = 1987PhRvD..36.1587A }}
* {{Citation
|last=Ashtekar
|first=Abhay
|title=The Eleventh Marcel Grossmann Meeting - on Recent Developments in Theoretical and Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation and Relativistic Field Theories - Proceedings of the MG11 Meeting on General Relativity
|arxiv=0705.2222
|date=2007
|bibcode = 2008mgm..conf..126A |doi = 10.1142/9789812834300_0008
|chapter=LOOP QUANTUM GRAVITY: FOUR RECENT ADVANCES AND A DOZEN FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
|isbn=9789812834263
|page=126 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Ashtekar
|first=Abhay
|first2=Badri
|last2=Krishnan
|date=2004
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2004-10
|title=Isolated and Dynamical Horizons and Their Applications
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=7
|accessdate=2007-08-28
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2004-10
|arxiv = gr-qc/0407042 |bibcode = 2004LRR.....7...10A }}
* {{Citation
|last=Ashtekar
|first=Abhay
|first2=Jerzy
|last2=Lewandowski
|title=Background Independent Quantum Gravity: A Status Report
|journal=Class. Quant. Grav.
|volume=21
|date=2004
|issue=15
|pages=R53–R152
|doi=10.1088/0264-9381/21/15/R01
|arxiv=gr-qc/0404018
|bibcode = 2004CQGra..21R..53A }}
* {{Citation
|last=Ashtekar
|first=Abhay
|first2=Anne
|last2=Magnon-Ashtekar
|date=1979
|doi=10.1063/1.524151
|title=On conserved quantities in general relativity
|journal=Journal of Mathematical Physics
|volume=20
|issue=5
|pages=793–800
|bibcode = 1979JMP....20..793A }}
* {{Citation
|last=Auyang
|first=Sunny Y.
|title=How is Quantum Field Theory Possible?
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|date=1995
|isbn=0-19-509345-3
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Bania
|first=T. M.
|first2=R. T.
|last2=Rood
|first3=D. S.
|last3=Balser
|date=2002
|title=The cosmological density of baryons from observations of 3He+ in the Milky Way
|journal=Nature
|volume=415
|pages=54–57
|doi=10.1038/415054a
|pmid=11780112
|issue=6867
|bibcode = 2002Natur.415...54B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Barack
|first=Leor
|first2=Curt
|last2=Cutler
|date=2004
|title=LISA Capture Sources: Approximate Waveforms, Signal-to-Noise Ratios, and Parameter Estimation Accuracy
|journal=Phys. Rev.
|volume=D69
|issue=8
|page=082005
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.69.082005
|arxiv=gr-qc/0310125
|bibcode = 2004PhRvD..69h2005B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Bardeen
|first=J. M.
|authorlink=James M. Bardeen
|last2=Carter
|first2=B.
|author2-link=Brandon Carter
|last3=Hawking
|first3=S. W.
|author3-link=Stephen Hawking
|date=1973
|url=http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.cmp/1103858973
|title=The Four Laws of Black Hole Mechanics
|journal=Comm. Math. Phys.
|volume=31
|issue=2
|pages=161–170
|doi=10.1007/BF01645742
|bibcode = 1973CMaPh..31..161B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Barish
|first=Barry
|date=2005
|editor-first=P.
|editor-last=Florides
|editor2-first=B.
|editor2-last=Nolan
|editor3-first=A.
|editor3-last=Ottewil
|contribution=Towards detection of gravitational waves
|title=General Relativity and Gravitation. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference
|publisher=World Scientific
|pages=24–34
|isbn=981-256-424-1
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Barstow
|first=M
|date=2005
|last2=Bond
|first2=Howard E.
|last3=Holberg
|first3=J. B.
|last4=Burleigh
|first4=M. R.
|last5=Hubeny
|first5=I.
|last6=Koester
|first6=D.
|title=Hubble Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Balmer lines in Sirius B
|journal=Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
|volume=362
|issue=4
|pages=1134–1142
|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09359.x
|arxiv=astro-ph/0506600
|bibcode=2005MNRAS.362.1134B
|ref={{sfnRef|Barstow, Bond et al.|2005}}
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Bartusiak
|first= Marcia
|title= Einstein's Unfinished Symphony: Listening to the Sounds of Space-Time
|isbn= 978-0-425-18620-6
|publisher=Berkley
|date=2000
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Begelman
|first=Mitchell C.
|first2=Roger D.
|last2=Blandford
|author2-link=Roger Blandford
|first3=Martin J.
|last3=Rees
|author3-link=Martin Rees
|date=1984
|title=Theory of extragalactic radio sources
|journal=Rev. Mod. Phys.
|volume=56
|issue=2
|pages=255–351
|doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.56.255
|bibcode=1984RvMP...56..255B
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Beig
|first=Robert
|first2=Piotr T.
|last2=Chruściel
|date=2006
|contribution=Stationary black holes
|editor-last=Françoise
|editor-first=J.-P.
|editor2-first=G.
|editor2-last=Naber
|editor3-first=T.S.
|editor3-last=Tsou
|title=Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics, Volume 2
|publisher=Elsevier
|arxiv=gr-qc/0502041
|isbn=0-12-512660-3
|bibcode = 2005gr.qc.....2041B
|page=2041 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Bekenstein
|first=Jacob D.
|authorlink=Jacob Bekenstein
|date=1973
|title=Black Holes and Entropy
|journal=Phys. Rev.
|volume=D7
|issue=8
|pages=2333–2346
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.7.2333
|bibcode = 1973PhRvD...7.2333B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Bekenstein
|first=Jacob D.
|date=1974
|title=Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics in Black-Hole Physics
|journal=Phys. Rev.
|volume=D9
|issue=12
|pages=3292–3300
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.9.3292
|bibcode = 1974PhRvD...9.3292B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Belinskii
|first=V. A.
|first2=I. M.
|last2=Khalatnikov
|author2-link=Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov
|first3=E. M.
|last3=Lifschitz
|author3-link=Evgeny Lifshitz
|date=1971
|title=Oscillatory approach to the singular point in relativistic cosmology
|journal=Advances in Physics
|volume=19
|doi=10.1080/00018737000101171
|issue=80
|pages=525–573
|bibcode = 1970AdPhy..19..525B }}; original paper in Russian: {{Citation
|last=Belinsky
|first=V. A.
|last2=Lifshits
|first2=I. M.
|last3=Khalatnikov
|first3=E. M.
|date= 1970
|title=Колебательный Режим Приближения К Особой Точке В Релятивистской Космологии
|journal=Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk (Успехи Физических Наук)
|volume=102(3) (11)
|pages=463–500
|bibcode = 1970UsFiN.102..463B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Bennett|first= C. L.
|date=2003
|last2=Halpern
|first2=M.
|last3=Hinshaw
|first3=G.
|last4=Jarosik
|first4=N.
|last5=Kogut
|first5=A.
|last6=Limon
|first6=M.
|last7=Meyer
|first7=S. S.
|last8=Page
|first8=L.
|last9=Spergel
|first9=D. N.| displayauthors = 8
|title=First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Preliminary Maps and Basic Results
|journal=Astrophys. J. Suppl.
|volume=148
|issue=1
|pages=1–27
|doi=10.1086/377253
|arxiv= astro-ph/0302207
|bibcode=2003ApJS..148....1B
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Berger
|first=Beverly K.
|date=2002
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2002-1
|title=Numerical Approaches to Spacetime Singularities
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=5
|accessdate=2007-08-04
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2002-1
|arxiv = gr-qc/0201056 |bibcode = 2002LRR.....5....1B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Bergström
|first=Lars
|first2=Ariel
|last2=Goobar
|date=2003
|title=Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics
|edition=2nd
|publisher=Wiley & Sons
|isbn= 3-540-43128-4
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Bertotti
|first=Bruno
|authorlink=Bruno Bertotti
|first2=Ignazio
|last2=Ciufolini
|first3=Peter L.
|last3=Bender
|date=1987
|title=New test of general relativity: Measurement of de Sitter geodetic precession rate for lunar perigee
|journal=Physical Review Letters
|volume=58
|pages=1062–1065
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.1062
|pmid=10034329
|issue=11
|bibcode=1987PhRvL..58.1062B
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Bertotti
|first=Bruno
|first2=L.
|last2=Iess
|first3=P.
|last3=Tortora
|date=2003
|title=A test of general relativity using radio links with the Cassini spacecraft
|journal=Nature
|volume=425
|pages=374–376
|doi=10.1038/nature01997
|pmid=14508481
|issue=6956
|bibcode = 2003Natur.425..374B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Bertschinger
|first=Edmund
|date=1998
|title=Simulations of structure formation in the universe
|journal=Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.
|volume=36
|issue=1
|pages=599–654
|doi=10.1146/annurev.astro.36.1.599
|bibcode=1998ARA&A..36..599B
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Birrell
|first=N. D.
|first2=P. C.
|last2=Davies
|author2-link=Paul Davies
|title=Quantum Fields in Curved Space
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1984
|isbn=0-521-27858-9
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Blair
|first=David
|authorlink=David_Blair_(physicist)
|last2=McNamara
|first2=Geoff
|title=Ripples on a Cosmic Sea. The Search for Gravitational Waves
|date=1997
|publisher=Perseus
|isbn=0-7382-0137-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Blanchet
|first=L.
|last2=Faye
|first2=G.
|last3=Iyer
|first3=B. R.
|last4=Sinha
|first4=S.
|date=2008
|title=The third post-Newtonian gravitational wave polarisations and associated spherical harmonic modes for inspiralling compact binaries in quasi-circular orbits
|arxiv=0802.1249
|bibcode = 2008CQGra..25p5003B |doi = 10.1088/0264-9381/25/16/165003
|journal=Classical and Quantum Gravity
|volume=25
|issue=16
|page=165003 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Blanchet
|first=Luc
|date=2006
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2006-4
|title=Gravitational Radiation from Post-Newtonian Sources and Inspiralling Compact Binaries
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=9
|accessdate=2007-08-07
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2006-4
|bibcode = 2006LRR.....9....4B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Blandford
|first=R. D.
|authorlink=Roger Blandford
|date=1987
|contribution=Astrophysical Black Holes
|editor-last=Hawking
|editor-first=Stephen W.
|editor2-first=Werner
|editor2-last=Israel
|title=300 Years of Gravitation
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|pages=277–329
|isbn=0-521-37976-8
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Börner
|first=Gerhard
|date=1993
|title=The Early Universe. Facts and Fiction
|publisher=Springer
|isbn=0-387-56729-1
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Brandenberger
|first=Robert H.
|date=2007
|title=Inflationary Cosmology
|arxiv=hep-th/0701111
|bibcode = 2008LNP...738..393B |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-74353-8_11
|chapter=Conceptual Problems of Inflationary Cosmology and a New Approach to Cosmological Structure Formation
|series=Lecture Notes in Physics
|isbn=978-3-540-74352-1
|volume=738
|page=393 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Brans
|first= C. H.
|last2=Dicke
|first2= R. H.
|authorlink=Carl H. Brans
|authorlink2=Robert H. Dicke
|date=1961
|title=Mach's Principle and a Relativistic Theory of Gravitation
|journal=Physical Review
|volume=124
|issue=3
| pages=925–935
|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.124.925
|bibcode = 1961PhRv..124..925B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Bridle
|first=Sarah L.
|first2=Ofer
|last2=Lahav
|first3=Jeremiah P.
|last3=Ostriker
|author3-link=Jeremiah P. Ostriker
|first4=Paul J.
|last4=Steinhardt
|author4-link=Paul Steinhardt
|date=2003
|title=Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet
|journal=Science
|volume=299
|pages=1532–1533
|doi=10.1126/science.1082158
|arxiv=astro-ph/0303180
|pmid=12624255
|issue=5612
|bibcode = 2003Sci...299.1532B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Bruhat
|first=Yvonne
|contribution=The Cauchy Problem
|editor-last=Witten
|editor-first=Louis
|title=Gravitation: An Introduction to Current Research
|publisher=Wiley
|date=1962
|page=130
|isbn=978-1-114-29166-9
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Buchert
|first=Thomas
|date=2007
|title=Dark Energy from Structure—A Status Report
|journal=General Relativity and Gravitation
|volume=40
|issue=2–3
|pages=467–527
|doi=10.1007/s10714-007-0554-8
|arxiv=0707.2153
|bibcode = 2008GReGr..40..467B }}
* {{Citation
|last=Buras
|first=R.
|first2=M.
|last2=Rampp
|first3=H.-Th.
|last3=Janka
|last4=Kifonidis
|first4=K.
|date=2003
|title=Improved Models of Stellar Core Collapse and Still no Explosions: What is Missing?
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=90
|page=241101
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.241101
|arxiv=astro-ph/0303171
|pmid=12857181
|issue=24
|bibcode=2003PhRvL..90x1101B}}
* {{Citation
|last=Caldwell
|first=Robert R.
|title=Dark Energy
|journal=Physics World
|pages=37–42
|volume=17
|date=2004
|doi=
| issue=5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Carlip
|first=Steven
|title=Quantum Gravity: a Progress Report
|journal=Rept. Prog. Phys.
|volume=64
|issue=8
|date=2001
|pages=885–942
|doi=10.1088/0034-4885/64/8/301
|arxiv=gr-qc/0108040
|bibcode = 2001RPPh...64..885C }}
* {{Citation
|last=Carroll
|first=Bradley W.
|first2=Dale A.
|last2=Ostlie
|title=An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics
|date=1996
|publisher=Addison-Wesley
|isbn=0-201-54730-9
}}
* {{Citation
|first=Sean M.
|last=Carroll
|authorlink=Sean M. Carroll
|title=The Cosmological Constant
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=4
|date=2001
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2001-1
|accessdate=2007-07-21
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2001-1
|arxiv = astro-ph/0004075 |bibcode = 2001LRR.....4....1C }}
* {{Citation
|last=Carter
|first=Brandon
|authorlink=Brandon Carter
|date=1979
|contribution=The general theory of the mechanical, electromagnetic and thermodynamic properties of black holes
|editor1-first=S. W.
|editor1-last=Hawking
|editor2-first=W.
|editor2-last=Israel
|title= General Relativity, an Einstein Centenary Survey
|pages=294–369 and 860–863
|publisher= Cambridge University Press
|isbn= 0-521-29928-4
}}
* {{Citation
|title=Astrophysical evidence for the existence of black holes
|first1= Annalisa
|last1=Celotti
|first2= John C.
|last2=Miller
|first3=Dennis W.
|last3=Sciama
|author3-link=Dennis William Sciama
|journal=Class. Quant. Grav.
|volume=16
|issue=12A
|date=1999
|pages= A3–A21
|doi=10.1088/0264-9381/16/12A/301
|arxiv=astro-ph/9912186
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Chandrasekhar
|first=Subrahmanyan
|authorlink=Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
|title=The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
|date=1983
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|isbn=0-19-850370-9
}}
* {{Citation
|first1=C.
|last1=Charbonnel
|first2=F.
|last2=Primas
|title=The Lithium Content of the Galactic Halo Stars
|journal= Astronomy & Astrophysics
|volume=442
|date=2005
|issue=3
|pages= 961–992
|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20042491
|arxiv=astro-ph/0505247
|bibcode=2005A&A...442..961C
}}
* {{Citation
|last1=Ciufolini
|first1=Ignazio
|last2=Pavlis
|first2=Erricos C.
|title=A confirmation of the general relativistic prediction of the Lense-Thirring effect
|journal=Nature
|volume=431
|doi=10.1038/nature03007
|pages=958–960
|date=2004
|pmid=15496915
|issue=7011
|bibcode = 2004Natur.431..958C }}
* {{Citation
|last1=Ciufolini
|first1=Ignazio
|last2=Pavlis
|first2=Erricos C.
|last3=Peron
|first3=R.
|title=Determination of frame-dragging using Earth gravity models from CHAMP and GRACE
|journal=New Astron.
|volume=11
|issue=8
|doi=10.1016/j.newast.2006.02.001
|pages=527–550
|date=2006
|bibcode = 2006NewA...11..527C }}
* {{Citation
|last=Coc
|first=A.
|last2=Vangioni‐Flam
|first2=Elisabeth
|last3=Descouvemont
|first3=Pierre
|last4=Adahchour
|first4=Abderrahim
|last5=Angulo
|first5=Carmen
|title=Updated Big Bang Nucleosynthesis confronted to WMAP observations and to the Abundance of Light Elements
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=600
|date= 2004
|issue=2
|pages=544–552
|doi=10.1086/380121
|arxiv= astro-ph/0309480
|bibcode=2004ApJ...600..544C
|ref={{sfnRef|Coc, Vangioni‐Flam et al.|2004}}
}}
* {{Citation
|last1=Cutler
|first1=Curt
|last2=Thorne
|first2=Kip S.
|contribution=An overview of gravitational wave sources
|date=2002
|title=Proceedings of 16th International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation (GR16)
|editor1-last=Bishop
|editor1-first=Nigel
|editor2-last=Maharaj
|editor2-first=Sunil D.
|publisher=World Scientific
|isbn=981-238-171-6
|arxiv=gr-qc/0204090
|bibcode = 2002gr.qc.....4090C
|page=4090 }}
* {{Citation
|first=Neal
|last=Dalal
|first2=Daniel E.
|last2=Holz
|first3=Scott A.
|last3=Hughes
|first4=Bhuvnesh
|last4=Jain
|title=Short GRB and binary black hole standard sirens as a probe of dark energy
|journal=Phys.Rev.
|volume=D74
|issue=6
|date=2006
|page=063006
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.74.063006
|arxiv=astro-ph/0601275
|bibcode = 2006PhRvD..74f3006D }}
* {{Citation
|first1=Karsten
|last1= Danzmann
|first2= Albrecht
|last2= Rüdiger
|title=LISA Technology—Concepts, Status, Prospects
|journal= Class. Quant. Grav.
|volume=20
|issue=10
|date=2003
|pages=S1–S9
|url=http://www.srl.caltech.edu/lisa/documents/KarstenAlbrechtOverviewCQG20-2003.pdf
|format=PDF| doi=10.1088/0264-9381/20/10/301
|bibcode = 2003CQGra..20S...1D }}
* {{Citation
|last= Dirac
|first=Paul
|authorlink=Paul Dirac
|title=General Theory of Relativity
|publisher=Princeton University Press
|date=1996
|isbn=0-691-01146-X
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Donoghue
|first=John F.
|contribution=Introduction to the Effective Field Theory Description of Gravity
|date=1995
|arxiv=gr-qc/9512024
|editor-last=Cornet
|editor-first=Fernando
|title=Effective Theories: Proceedings of the Advanced School, Almunecar, Spain, 26 June–1 July 1995
|isbn=981-02-2908-9
|publisher=World Scientific
|location=Singapore
|bibcode = 1995gr.qc....12024D
|page=12024 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Duff
|first=Michael
|authorlink=Michael Duff (physicist)
|title=M-Theory (the Theory Formerly Known as Strings)
|journal=Int. J. Mod. Phys.
|volume=A11
|issue=32
|date=1996
|pages=5623–5641
|doi=10.1142/S0217751X96002583
|arxiv=hep-th/9608117
|bibcode = 1996IJMPA..11.5623D }}
* {{Citation
|last=Ehlers
|first=Jürgen
|authorlink=Jürgen Ehlers
|contribution=Survey of general relativity theory
|editor-last=Israel
|editor-first=Werner
|title=Relativity, Astrophysics and Cosmology
|date=1973
|publisher=D. Reidel
|pages=1–125
|isbn=90-277-0369-8
}}
* {{Citation
|last1=Ehlers
|first1=Jürgen
|last2=Falco
|first2=Emilio E.
|last3=Schneider
|first3=Peter
|title=Gravitational lenses
|publisher=Springer
|date=1992
|isbn=3-540-66506-4
}}
* {{Citation
|editor-last=Ehlers
|editor-first=Jürgen
|editor2-last=Lämmerzahl
|editor2-first=Claus
|title=Special Relativity—Will it Survive the Next 101 Years?
|publisher=Springer
|date=2006
|isbn=3-540-34522-1
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Ehlers
|first=Jürgen
|last2= Rindler
|first2=Wolfgang
|authorlink2=Wolfgang Rindler
|title=Local and Global Light Bending in Einstein's and other Gravitational Theories
|journal=General Relativity and Gravitation
|volume =29
|date=1997
|issue=4
|doi=10.1023/A:1018843001842
|pages= 519–529|bibcode = 1997GReGr..29..519E }}
* {{Citation
|last=Einstein
|first=Albert
|authorlink=Albert Einstein
|date=1907
|title=Über das Relativitätsprinzip und die aus demselben gezogene Folgerungen
|journal=Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik
|volume=4
|page=411
|url=http://www.soso.ch/wissen/hist/SRT/E-1907.pdf
|format=PDF| accessdate=2008-05-05}}
* {{Citation
|last=Einstein
|first=Albert
|authorlink=Albert Einstein
|date=1915
|title=Die Feldgleichungen der Gravitation
|journal=Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin
|pages=844–847
|url=http://nausikaa2.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/toc/toc.x.cgi?dir=6E3MAXK4&step=thumb
|accessdate=2006-09-12
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Einstein
|first=Albert
|authorlink=Albert Einstein
|title=Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie
|journal=Annalen der Physik
|volume=49 |date=1916|url=http://www.alberteinstein.info/gallery/gtext3.html| format=PDF
|accessdate=2006-09-03
|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060829045130/http://www.alberteinstein.info/gallery/gtext3.html <!--Added by H3llBot-->
|archivedate=2006-08-29
|doi=10.1002/andp.19163540702
|pages=769–822
}}
* {{Citation
|last= Einstein
|first=Albert
|authorlink=Albert Einstein
|title=Kosmologische Betrachtungen zur allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie
|date=1917
|journal=Sitzungsberichte der Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
|page=142
}}
* {{Citation
|first1=George F R
|last1=Ellis
|authorlink=George Francis Rayner Ellis
|first2=Henk
|last2=Van Elst
|contribution=Cosmological models (Cargèse lectures 1998)
|title=Theoretical and Observational Cosmology
|editor-first=Marc
|editor-last=Lachièze-Rey
|publisher=Kluwer
|date=1999
|pages=1–116
|arxiv=gr-qc/9812046
|bibcode = 1999toc..conf....1E
|journal=Theoretical and observational cosmology : proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Theoretical and Observational Cosmology
|doi=10.1007/978-94-011-4455-1_1
|isbn=978-0-7923-5946-3 }}
* {{Citation
|first1=C. W. F.
|last1=Everitt
|first2= S.
|last2= Buchman
|first3= D. B.
|last3= DeBra
|first4= G. M.
|last4= Keiser
|contribution=Gravity Probe B: Countdown to launch
|title=Gyros, Clocks, and Interferometers: Testing Relativistic Gravity in Space (Lecture Notes in Physics 562)
|editor-last=Lämmerzahl
|editor-first= C.
|editor2-last= Everitt
|editor2-first= C. W. F.
|editor3-first= F. W.
|editor3-last= Hehl
|publisher=Springer
|date=2001
|pages= 52–82
|isbn=3-540-41236-0
}}
* {{Citation
|first1=C. W. F.
|last1=Everitt
|first2=Bradford
|last2=Parkinson
|first3=Bob
|last3=Kahn
|date=2007
|title=The Gravity Probe B experiment. Post Flight Analysis—Final Report (Preface and Executive Summary)
|url=http://einstein.stanford.edu/content/exec_summary/GP-B_ExecSum-scrn.pdf
|format=PDF| accessdate=2007-08-05
|publisher=Project Report: NASA, Stanford University and Lockheed Martin
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Falcke
|first=Heino
|last2=Melia
|first2=Fulvio
|last3=Agol
|first3=Eric
|title=Viewing the Shadow of the Black Hole at the Galactic Center
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=528
|pages=L13–L16
|date=2000
|arxiv=astro-ph/9912263
|doi=10.1086/312423
|pmid=10587484
|issue=1
|bibcode=2000ApJ...528L..13F}}
* {{Citation
|last1=Flanagan
|first1=Éanna É.
|first2=Scott A.
|last2=Hughes
|title=The basics of gravitational wave theory
|journal=New J.Phys.
|volume= 7
|date=2005
|page= 204
|doi=10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/204
|arxiv= gr-qc/0501041
|bibcode = 2005NJPh....7..204F }}
* {{Citation
|first=José A.
|last=Font
|title=Numerical Hydrodynamics in General Relativity
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=6
|date=2003
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2003-4
|accessdate=2007-08-19
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2003-4
}}
* {{Citation
|first=Yvonne
|last= Fourès-Bruhat
|title= Théoréme d'existence pour certains systémes d'équations aux derivées partielles non linéaires
|journal= Acta Mathematica
|volume=88
|doi=10.1007/BF02392131
|issue=1
|date=1952
|pages=141–225
}}
* {{Citation
|first=Jörg
|last=Frauendiener
|title=Conformal Infinity
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=7
|date=2004
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2004-1
|accessdate=2007-07-21
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2004-1
|bibcode = 2004LRR.....7....1F }}
* {{Citation
|last=Friedrich
|first=Helmut
|title=Is general relativity 'essentially understood'?
|journal=Annalen Phys.
|volume=15
|issue=1–2
|date=2005
|pages=84–108
|arxiv=gr-qc/0508016
|doi=10.1002/andp.200510173
|bibcode = 2006AnP...518...84F }}
* {{Citation
|last=Futamase
|first=T.
|last2=Itoh
|first2=Y.
|date=2006
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2007-2
|title=The Post-Newtonian Approximation for Relativistic Compact Binaries
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=10
|accessdate=2008-02-29
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Gamow
|first=George
|authorlink=George Gamow
|title=My World Line
|date=1970
|isbn=0-670-50376-2
|publisher=Viking Press
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Garfinkle
|first=David
|title=Of singularities and breadmaking
|url=http://www.einstein-online.info/en/spotlights/singularities_bkl/index.html
|journal=[http://www.einstein-online.info/ Einstein Online]
|date=2007
|accessdate=2007-08-03
}}
* {{cite arXiv
|first=Robert
|last=Geroch
|authorlink=Robert Geroch
|title=Partial Differential Equations of Physics
|class=gr-qc
|eprint=gr-qc/9602055
|date=1996
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Giulini
|first=Domenico
|title=Special Relativity: A First Encounter
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|isbn=0-19-856746-4
|date=2005
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Giulini
|first=Domenico
|contribution=Algebraic and Geometric Structures in Special Relativity
|editor-last=Ehlers
|editor-first=Jürgen
|editor2-last=Lämmerzahl
|editor2-first=Claus
|title=Special Relativity—Will it Survive the Next 101 Years?
|publisher=Springer
|date=2006a
|isbn=3-540-34522-1
|pages=45–111
|arxiv=math-ph/0602018
|bibcode = 2006math.ph...2018G }}
* {{Citation
|last=Giulini
|first=Domenico
|contribution=Some remarks on the notions of general covariance and background independence
|editor-last=Stamatescu
|editor-first=I. O.
|title=An assessment of current paradigms in the physics of fundamental interactions
|publisher=Springer
|date=2006b
|isbn=978-3-540-71115-5
|arxiv=gr-qc/0603087
|bibcode = 2007LNP...721..105G
|volume=721
|page=105
|journal=Approaches to Fundamental Physics
|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-71117-9_6
|series=Lecture Notes in Physics }}
* {{Citation
|last=Gnedin
|first=Nickolay Y.
|title=Digitizing the Universe
|journal=Nature
|volume=435
|date=2005
|doi=10.1038/435572a
|pages=572–573
|pmid=15931201
|issue=7042
|bibcode = 2005Natur.435..572G }}
* {{Citation
|first=Hubert F. M.
|last=Goenner
|title=On the History of Unified Field Theories
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=7
|date=2004
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2004-2
|accessdate=2008-02-28
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2004-2
|bibcode = 2004LRR.....7....2G }}
* {{Citation
|last=Goroff
|first=Marc H.
|last2=Sagnotti
|first2=Augusto
|title=Quantum gravity at two loops
|date=1985
|journal=Phys. Lett.
|volume=160B
|issue=1–3
|doi=10.1016/0370-2693(85)91470-4
|pages=81–86
|bibcode = 1985PhLB..160...81G }}
* {{cite arXiv
|first=Eric
|last=Gourgoulhon
|title=3+1 Formalism and Bases of Numerical Relativity
|class=gr-qc
|eprint=gr-qc/0703035
|date=2007
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Citation
|first=Robert H.
|last=Gowdy
|title=Gravitational Waves in Closed Universes
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=27
|issue=12
|pages=826–829
|date=1971
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.27.826
|bibcode=1971PhRvL..27..826G
}}
* {{Citation
|first=Robert H.
|last=Gowdy
|title=Vacuum spacetimes with two-parameter spacelike isometry groups and compact invariant hypersurfaces: Topologies and boundary conditions
|journal=Ann. Phys. (N.Y.)
|volume= 83
|issue=1
|pages=203–241
|doi=10.1016/0003-4916(74)90384-4
|date=1974
|bibcode = 1974AnPhy..83..203G }}
* {{Citation
|last=Green
|first=M. B.
|authorlink=Michael Green (physicist)
|last2=Schwarz
|first2=J. H.
|author2-link=John H. Schwarz
|last3=Witten
|first3=E.
|author3-link=Edward Witten
|title=Superstring theory. Volume 1: Introduction
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1987
|isbn=0-521-35752-7
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Greenstein
|first=J. L.
|last2=Oke
|first2=J. B.
|last3=Shipman
|first3=H. L.
|title=Effective Temperature, Radius, and Gravitational Redshift of Sirius B
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|bibcode=1971ApJ...169..563G
|volume=169
|page=563
|date=1971
|doi=10.1086/151174
}}
* {{cite doi|10.1126/science.177.4044.166}}
* {{cite doi|10.1126/science.177.4044.168}}
* {{Citation
|last=Havas
|first=P.
|title=Four-Dimensional Formulation of Newtonian Mechanics and Their Relation to the Special and the General Theory of Relativity
|journal=Rev. Mod. Phys.
|volume=36
|date=1964
|issue=4
|pages=938–965
|doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.36.938
|bibcode=1964RvMP...36..938H}}
* {{Citation
|last=Hawking
|first=Stephen W.
|authorlink=Stephen W. Hawking
|date=1966
|title=The occurrence of singularities in cosmology
|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society
|volume= A294
|url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0080-4630%2819661018%29294%3A1439%3C511%3ATOOSIC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Y
|pages=511–521
|issue=1439
|doi=10.1098/rspa.1966.0221
|bibcode = 1966RSPSA.294..511H }}
* {{Citation
|last=Hawking
|first=S. W.
|date=1975
|title=Particle Creation by Black Holes
|journal=Communications in Mathematical Physics
|volume=43
|issue=3
|pages=199–220
|doi=10.1007/BF02345020
|bibcode = 1975CMaPh..43..199H }}
* {{Citation
|last=Hawking
|first=Stephen W.
|contribution=Quantum cosmology
|pages =631–651
|editor2-last=Israel
|editor2-first=Werner
|editor1-last=Hawking
|editor1-first=Stephen W.
|title=300 Years of Gravitation
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1987
|isbn=0-521-37976-8
}}
* {{Citation
|last1=Hawking
|first1=Stephen W.
|last2=Ellis
|first2=George F. R.
|author2-link=George Francis Rayner Ellis
|title=[[The large scale structure of space-time]]
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|isbn=0-521-09906-4
|date=1973
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Heckmann
|first=O. H. L.
|last2=Schücking
|first2=E.
|contribution=Newtonsche und Einsteinsche Kosmologie
|editor-last=Flügge
|editor-first=S.
|title=Encyclopedia of Physics
|volume=53
|page=489
|date=1959
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Heusler
|first=Markus
|title=Stationary Black Holes: Uniqueness and Beyond
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=1
|date=1998
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-1998-6
|accessdate=2007-08-04
|doi=10.12942/lrr-1998-6
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Heusler
|first=Markus
| title=Black Hole Uniqueness Theorems
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1996
|isbn=0-521-56735-1
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Hey
|first=Tony
|last2=Walters
|first2=Patrick
|title=The new quantum universe
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=2003
|isbn=0-521-56457-3
}}
* {{Citation
|first1=Jim
|last1= Hough
|first2=Sheila
|last2=Rowan
|title=Gravitational Wave Detection by Interferometry (Ground and Space)
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=3
|date=2000
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2000-3
|accessdate=2007-07-21
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Hubble
|first=Edwin
|authorlink=Edwin Hubble
|title=A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae
|journal=Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.
|volume=15
|pages=168–173
|date=1929
|url=http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/15/3/168.pdf
|format=PDF| doi=10.1073/pnas.15.3.168
|pmid=16577160
|issue=3
|pmc=522427
|bibcode=1929PNAS...15..168H
}}
* {{Citation
|last1=Hulse
|first1=Russell A.
|authorlink=Russell Alan Hulse
|last2=Taylor
|first2=Joseph H.
|author2-link=Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.
|journal=Astrophys. J.
|title=Discovery of a pulsar in a binary system
|volume=195
|date=1975
|pages=L51–L55
|bibcode=1975ApJ...195L..51H
|doi=10.1086/181708
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Ibanez
|first=L. E.
|title=The second string (phenomenology) revolution
|journal=Class. Quant. Grav.
|volume=17
|issue=5
|date=2000
|pages=1117–1128
|doi=10.1088/0264-9381/17/5/321
|arxiv=hep-ph/9911499
|bibcode = 2000CQGra..17.1117I }}
* {{Citation
| last1=Iorio
| first1=L.
| title=An Assessment of the Systematic Uncertainty in Present and Future Tests of the Lense-Thirring Effect with Satellite Laser Ranging
| journal=Space Sci. Rev.
| doi=10.1007/s11214-008-9478-1
| date=2009
| volume=148
| issue=1–4
| page=363
|bibcode = 2009SSRv..148..363I |arxiv = 0809.1373 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Isham
|first=Christopher J.
|authorlink=Christopher Isham
|contribution=Prima facie questions in quantum gravity
|editor-last=Ehlers
|editor-first=Jürgen
|editor2-last=Friedrich
|editor2-first=Helmut
|title=Canonical Gravity: From Classical to Quantum
|date=1994
|publisher=Springer
|isbn=3-540-58339-4
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Israel
|first=Werner
|authorlink=Werner Israel
|date= 1971
|title=Event Horizons and Gravitational Collapse
|journal= General Relativity and Gravitation
|volume= 2
|issue=1
|doi=10.1007/BF02450518
|pages= 53–59
|bibcode = 1971GReGr...2...53I }}
* {{Citation
|last=Israel
|first=Werner
|contribution=Dark stars: the evolution of an idea
|editor2-last=Israel
|editor2-first=Werner
|editor1-last=Hawking
|editor1-first=Stephen W.
|title=300 Years of Gravitation
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1987
|pages=199–276
|isbn=0-521-37976-8
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Janssen
|first=Michel
|title=Of pots and holes: Einstein's bumpy road to general relativity
|journal=Ann. Phys. (Leipzig)
|volume= 14
|issue=S1
|date=2005
|pages=58–85
|url=https://netfiles.umn.edu/xythoswfs/webui/_xy-15267453_1-t_ycAqaW0A
|format=PDF| doi=10.1002/andp.200410130
|bibcode = 2005AnP...517S..58J }}
* {{Citation
|first1=Piotr
|last1=Jaranowski
|first2=Andrzej
|last2=Królak
|title=Gravitational-Wave Data Analysis. Formalism and Sample Applications: The Gaussian Case
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=8
|date=2005
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2005-3
|accessdate=2007-07-30
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2005-3
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Kahn
|first=Bob
|date=1996–2012
|title=Gravity Probe B Website
|url=http://einstein.stanford.edu/
|accessdate=2012-04-20
|publisher=Stanford University
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Kahn
|first=Bob
|date=April 14, 2007
|url=http://einstein.stanford.edu/content/press_releases/SU/pr-aps-041807.pdf
|format=PDF| title=Was Einstein right? Scientists provide first public peek at Gravity Probe B results (Stanford University Press Release)
|publisher=Stanford University News Service
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Kamionkowski
|first=Marc
|first2=Arthur
|last2=Kosowsky
|first3=Albert
|last3=Stebbins
|title=Statistics of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
|journal=Phys. Rev.
|volume=D55
|issue=12
|date=1997
|pages=7368–7388
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.55.7368
|arxiv=astro-ph/9611125
|bibcode = 1997PhRvD..55.7368K }}
* {{Citation
|last=Kennefick
|first=Daniel
|contribution=Astronomers Test General Relativity: Light-bending and the Solar Redshift
|pages=178–181
|editor-last=Renn
|editor-first=Jürgen
|title=One hundred authors for Einstein
|date=2005
|publisher=Wiley-VCH
|isbn=3-527-40574-7}}
* {{Citation
|last=Kennefick
|first=Daniel
|date=2007
|contribution=Not Only Because of Theory: Dyson, Eddington and the Competing Myths of the 1919 Eclipse Expedition
|title=Proceedings of the 7th Conference on the History of General Relativity, Tenerife, 2005
|arxiv=0709.0685
|bibcode = 2007arXiv0709.0685K
|volume=0709
|page=685 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Kenyon
|first=I. R.
|title=General Relativity
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|date=1990
|isbn=0-19-851996-6
}}
* {{Citation
|first=C.S.
|last=Kochanek
|first2=E.E.
|last2=Falco
|first3=C.
|last3=Impey
|first4=J.
|last4=Lehar
|title=CASTLES Survey Website
|url=http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/castles
|publisher=Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
|accessdate=2007-08-21
|date=2007
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Komar
|first=Arthur
|title=Covariant Conservation Laws in General Relativity
|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.113.934
|journal=Phys. Rev.
|volume=113
|issue=3
|pages=934–936
|date=1959
|bibcode = 1959PhRv..113..934K }}
* {{Citation
|last=Kramer
|first=Michael
|contribution=Millisecond Pulsars as Tools of Fundamental Physics
|pages=33–54
|editor1-last=Karshenboim
|editor1-first=S. G.
|editor2-last=Peik
|editor2-first=E.
|title=Astrophysics, Clocks and Fundamental Constants (Lecture Notes in Physics Vol. 648)
|publisher=Springer
|date=2004
|arxiv=astro-ph/0405178
|bibcode = 2004LNP...648...33K
|volume=648
|journal=Lecture Notes in Physics
|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-40991-5_3
|series=Lecture Notes in Physics
|isbn=978-3-540-21967-5 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Kramer
|first=M.
|first2=I. H.
|last2=Stairs
|first3=R. N.
|last3=Manchester
|first4=M. A.
|last4=McLaughlin
|last5=Lyne
|date=2006
|first5=A. G.
|last6=Ferdman
|first6=R. D.
|last7=Burgay
|first7=M.
|last8=Lorimer
|first8=D. R.
|last9=Possenti
|first9=A.| displayauthors = 8
|title=Tests of general relativity from timing the double pulsar
|journal=Science
|volume=314
|issue=5796
|pages=97–102
|arxiv=astro-ph/0609417
|doi=10.1126/science.1132305
|pmid=16973838|bibcode = 2006Sci...314...97K }}
* {{Citation
|last=Kraus
|first=Ute
|date=1998
|contribution=Light Deflection Near Neutron Stars
|title=Relativistic Astrophysics
|publisher=Vieweg
|isbn=3-528-06909-0
|pages=66–81
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Kuchař
|first=Karel
|contribution=Canonical Quantization of Gravity
|editor-last=Israel
|editor-first=Werner
|title=Relativity, Astrophysics and Cosmology
|date=1973
|publisher=D. Reidel
|pages=237–288
|isbn=90-277-0369-8
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Künzle
|first=H. P.
|title=Galilei and Lorentz Structures on spacetime: comparison of the corresponding geometry and physics
|journal=Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré a
|volume=17
|date=1972
|pages=337–362
|url=http://www.numdam.org/item?id=AIHPA_1972__17_4_337_0 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Lahav
|first=Ofer
|first2=Yasushi
|last2=Suto
|date=2004
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2004-8
|title=Measuring our Universe from Galaxy Redshift Surveys
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=7
|accessdate=2007-08-19
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2004-8
|arxiv = astro-ph/0310642 |bibcode = 2004LRR.....7....8L }}
* {{Citation
|last=Landgraf
|first=M.
|first2=M.
|last2=Hechler
|first3=S.
|last3=Kemble
|date=2005
|title=Mission design for LISA Pathfinder
|journal=Class. Quant. Grav.
|volume=22
|issue=10
|pages=S487–S492
|arxiv=gr-qc/0411071
|doi=10.1088/0264-9381/22/10/048
|bibcode = 2005CQGra..22S.487L }}
* {{Citation
|last=Lehner
|first=Luis
|title=Numerical Relativity: A review
|journal =Class. Quant. Grav.
|volume=18
|issue=17
|date=2001
|pages=R25–R86
|doi=10.1088/0264-9381/18/17/202
|arxiv=gr-qc/0106072
|bibcode = 2001CQGra..18R..25L }}
* {{Citation
|last=Lehner
|first=Luis
|date=2002
|title=General Relativity and Gravitation - Proceedings of the 16th International Conference
|arxiv=gr-qc/0202055
|bibcode = 2002grg..conf..210L |doi = 10.1142/9789812776556_0010
|chapter=NUMERICAL RELATIVITY: STATUS AND PROSPECTS
|isbn=9789812381712
|page=210 }}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Andrei Linde
|last=Linde
|first=Andrei
|date=1990
|title=Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology
|publisher=Harwood
|arxiv=hep-th/0503203
|isbn=3-7186-0489-2
|bibcode = 2005hep.th....3203L
|page=3203 }}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Andrei Linde
|last=Linde
|first=Andrei
|date=2005
|journal=J. Phys. Conf. Ser.
|title=Towards inflation in string theory
|volume=24
|pages=151–160
|arxiv=hep-th/0503195
|doi=10.1088/1742-6596/24/1/018
|bibcode = 2005JPhCS..24..151L }}
* {{Citation
|last=Loll
|first=Renate
|title=Discrete Approaches to Quantum Gravity in Four Dimensions
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=1
|date=1998
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-1998-13
|accessdate=2008-03-09
|doi=10.12942/lrr-1998-13
|arxiv = gr-qc/9805049 |bibcode = 1998LRR.....1...13L }}
* {{Citation
|last=Lovelock
|first=David
|title=The Four-Dimensionality of Space and the Einstein Tensor
|journal=J. Math. Phys.
|volume=13
|date=1972
|issue=6
|pages=874–876
|doi=10.1063/1.1666069
|bibcode = 1972JMP....13..874L }}
*{{cite book|last=Ludyk|first=Günter|title=Einstein in Matrix Form|date=2013|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn= 9783642357978 |edition=1st ed.}}
* {{Citation
|last=MacCallum
|first=M.
|contribution=Finding and using exact solutions of the Einstein equations
|arxiv=gr-qc/0601102
|title=A Century of Relativity Physics (ERE05, the XXVIII Spanish Relativity Meeting)
|editor-first=L.
|editor-last=Mornas
|editor2-first=J. D.
|editor2-last=Alonso
|publisher=American Institute of Physics
|date=2006
|bibcode = 2006AIPC..841..129M |doi = 10.1063/1.2218172
|volume=841
|page=129 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Maddox
|first=John
|authorlink=John Maddox
|title=What Remains To Be Discovered
|publisher=Macmillan
|date=1998
|isbn=0-684-82292-X
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Mannheim
|first=Philip D.
|date=2006
|title=Alternatives to Dark Matter and Dark Energy
|journal=Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys.
|volume=56
|issue=2
|pages=340–445
|arxiv=astro-ph/0505266
|doi=10.1016/j.ppnp.2005.08.001
|bibcode = 2006PrPNP..56..340M }}
* {{Citation
| last=Mather
|first=J. C.
|first2=E. S.
|last2=Cheng
|first3=D. A.
|last3=Cottingham
|first4=R. E.
|last4=Eplee
|authorlink=John C. Mather
| last5=Fixsen
|date=1994
| first5=D. J.
|bibcode=1994ApJ...420..439M
| last6=Hewagama
| first6=T.
| last7=Isaacman
| first7=R. B.
| last8=Jensen
| first8=K. A.
| last9=Meyer
| first9=S. S.| displayauthors = 8
|title=Measurement of the cosmic microwave spectrum by the COBE FIRAS instrument
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=420
|pages=439–444
|doi=10.1086/173574
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Mermin
|first=N. David
|authorlink=David Mermin
|title=It's About Time. Understanding Einstein's Relativity
|publisher= Princeton University Press
|date=2005
|isbn=0-691-12201-6
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Messiah
|first=Albert
|title=Quantum Mechanics
|publisher=Dover Publications
|date=1999
|isbn=0-486-40924-4
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Miller
|first=Cole
|date=2002
|url=http://www.astro.umd.edu/~miller/teaching/astr606/
|title=Stellar Structure and Evolution (Lecture notes for Astronomy 606)
|publisher=University of Maryland
|accessdate=2007-07-25
}}
* {{Citation
|first=Charles W.
|last=Misner
|authorlink=Charles W. Misner
|first2=Kip. S.
|last2=Thorne
|author2-link=Kip Thorne
|first3=John A.
|last3=Wheeler
|author3-link=John A. Wheeler
|title=Gravitation
|publisher= W. H. Freeman
|date=1973
|isbn=0-7167-0344-0
}}
* {{Citation
|first=Christian
|last=Møller
|title=The Theory of Relativity
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|date=1952
|edition=3rd
|url=http://archive.org/details/theoryofrelativi029229mbp
|isbn=
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Narayan
|first=Ramesh
|date=2006
|doi=10.1088/1367-2630/7/1/199
|title=Black holes in astrophysics
|journal=New Journal of Physics
|volume=7
|page=199
|arxiv=gr-qc/0506078
|bibcode=2005NJPh....7..199N
}}
* {{cite arXiv
|last1=Narayan
|first1=Ramesh
|last2=Bartelmann
|first2=Matthias
|title=Lectures on Gravitational Lensing
|date=1997
|class=astro-ph
|eprint=astro-ph/9606001
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Narlikar
|first=Jayant V.
|authorlink=Jayant Narlikar
|title=Introduction to Cosmology
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1993
|isbn=0-521-41250-1
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Nieto
|first=Michael Martin
|title=The quest to understand the Pioneer anomaly
|journal=EurophysicsNews
|volume=37
|date=2006
|pages=30–34
|url=http://www.europhysicsnews.com/full/42/article4.pdf
|format=PDF
| issue=6
|doi=10.1051/epn:2006604|bibcode = 2006ENews..37...30N }}
* {{Citation
|last=Nordström
|first=Gunnar
|authorlink=Gunnar Nordström
|date=1918
|title=On the Energy of the Gravitational Field in Einstein's Theory
|journal=Verhandl. Koninkl. Ned. Akad. Wetenschap.,
|volume=26
|url=
|pages=1238–1245
}}
* {{cite arXiv
|last=Nordtvedt
|first=Kenneth
|date=2003
|title=Lunar Laser Ranging—a comprehensive probe of post-Newtonian gravity
|class=gr-qc
|eprint=gr-qc/0301024
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Citation
|first= John D.
|last=Norton
|title=What was Einstein's principle of equivalence?
|journal= Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
|date=1985
|volume= 16
|issue= 3
|pages=203–246
|accessdate=2007-06-11
|url=http://www.pitt.edu/~jdnorton/papers/ProfE_re-set.pdf
|format=PDF| doi=10.1016/0039-3681(85)90002-0
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Ohanian
|first=Hans C.
|last2=Ruffini
|first2=Remo
|title=Gravitation and Spacetime
|date=1994
|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company
|isbn=0-393-96501-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Olive
|first=K. A.
|first2=E. A.
|last2=Skillman
|date=2004
|title=A Realistic Determination of the Error on the Primordial Helium Abundance
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=617
|issue=1
|pages=29–49
|arxiv=astro-ph/0405588
|doi=10.1086/425170
|bibcode=2004ApJ...617...29O
}}
* {{Citation
|last=O'Meara|first= John M.
|last2=Tytler
|date=2001
|first2=David
|last3=Kirkman
|first3=David
|last4=Suzuki
|first4=Nao
|last5=Prochaska
|first5=Jason X.
|last6=Lubin
|first6=Dan
|last7=Wolfe
|first7=Arthur M.
|title=The Deuterium to Hydrogen Abundance Ratio Towards a Fourth QSO: HS0105+1619
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=552
|issue=2
|pages=718–730
|arxiv=astro-ph/0011179
|doi=10.1086/320579
|bibcode=2001ApJ...552..718O
}}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Robert Oppenheimer
|last=Oppenheimer
|first=J. Robert
|first2=H.
|last2=Snyder
|date=1939
|title=On continued gravitational contraction
|journal=Physical Review
|volume=56
|issue=5
|pages=455–459
|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.56.455
|bibcode = 1939PhRv...56..455O }}
* {{Citation
|last=Overbye
|first=Dennis
|authorlink=Dennis Overbye
|title=Lonely Hearts of the Cosmos: the story of the scientific quest for the secret of the Universe
|publisher=Back Bay
|date=1999
|isbn=0-316-64896-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Pais
|first=Abraham
|authorlink=Abraham Pais
|title='Subtle is the Lord...' The Science and life of Albert Einstein
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|date=1982
|isbn=0-19-853907-X}}
* {{Citation
|last=Peacock
|first=John A.
|date=1999
|title=Cosmological Physics
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|isbn=0-521-41072-X
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Peebles
|first=P. J. E.
|authorlink=Jim Peebles
|date=1966
|title=Primordial Helium abundance and primordial fireball II
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=146
|pages=542–552
|bibcode=1966ApJ...146..542P
|doi=10.1086/148918
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Peebles
|first=P. J. E.
|title=Principles of physical cosmology
|publisher= Princeton University Press
|date=1993
|isbn=0-691-01933-9
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Peebles
|first=P.J.E.
|first2=D.N.
|last2=Schramm
|first3=E.L.
|last3=Turner
|first4=R.G.
|last4=Kron
|date=1991
|doi=10.1038/352769a0
|title=The case for the relativistic hot Big Bang cosmology
|journal=Nature
|volume=352
|issue=6338
|pages=769–776
|bibcode = 1991Natur.352..769P }}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Roger Penrose
|last=Penrose
|first=Roger
|date=1965
|title=Gravitational collapse and spacetime singularities
|journal=Physical Review Letters
|volume=14
|issue=3
|pages=57–59
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.14.57
|bibcode=1965PhRvL..14...57P}}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Roger Penrose
|last=Penrose
|first=Roger
|date=1969
|title=Gravitational collapse: the role of general relativity
|journal=Rivista del Nuovo Cimento
|volume=1
|pages=252–276
|bibcode = 1969NCimR...1..252P }}
* {{Citation
|last=Penrose
|first=Roger
|authorlink=Roger Penrose
|title=The Road to Reality
|publisher=A. A. Knopf
|date=2004
|isbn=0-679-45443-8
}}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Arno Penzias
|last=Penzias
|first=A. A.
|author2-link=Robert W. Wilson
|first2=R. W.
|last2=Wilson
|date=1965
|title=A measurement of excess antenna temperature at 4080 Mc/s
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=142
|pages=419–421
|bibcode=1965ApJ...142..419P
|doi=10.1086/148307
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Peskin
|first=Michael E.
|authorlink=Michael Peskin
|last2=Schroeder
|first2=Daniel V.
|title=An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory
|publisher=Addison-Wesley
|date=1995
|isbn=0-201-50397-2
}}
* {{Citation
|first=Michael E.
|last=Peskin
|title=Dark Matter and Particle Physics
|date=2007
|arxiv=0707.1536
|bibcode = 2007JPSJ...76k1017P |doi = 10.1143/JPSJ.76.111017
|journal=Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
|volume=76
|issue=11
|page=111017 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Poisson
|first=Eric
|date=2004
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2004-6
|title=The Motion of Point Particles in Curved Spacetime
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=7
|accessdate=2007-06-13
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2004-6
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Poisson
|first=Eric
|date=2004
|title=A Relativist's Toolkit. The Mathematics of Black-Hole Mechanics
|publisher= Cambridge University Press
|isbn= 0-521-83091-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Polchinski
|first=Joseph
|date=1998a
|title=String Theory Vol. I: An Introduction to the Bosonic String
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|isbn=0-521-63303-6
|authorlink=Joseph Polchinski
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Polchinski
|first=Joseph
|date=1998b
|title=String Theory Vol. II: Superstring Theory and Beyond
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|isbn=0-521-63304-4
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Pound
|first=R. V.
|first2=G. A.
|last2=Rebka
|date=1959
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.3.439
|title=Gravitational Red-Shift in Nuclear Resonance
|journal=Physical Review Letters
|volume=3
|issue=9
|pages= 439–441
|bibcode=1959PhRvL...3..439P
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Pound
|first=R. V.
|first2=G. A.
|last2=Rebka
|date=1960
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.4.337
|title=Apparent weight of photons
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=4
|issue=7
|pages=337–341
|bibcode=1960PhRvL...4..337P
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Pound
|first=R. V.
|first2=J. L.
|last2=Snider
|date=1964
|title=Effect of Gravity on Nuclear Resonance
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=13
|issue=18
|pages=539–540
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.539
|bibcode=1964PhRvL..13..539P
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Ramond
|first=Pierre
|authorlink=Pierre Ramond
|title=Field Theory: A Modern Primer
|publisher=Addison-Wesley
|date=1990
|isbn=0-201-54611-6
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Rees
|first=Martin
|title=Appearance of Relativistically Expanding Radio Sources
|journal=Nature
|volume=211
|date=1966
|issue=5048
|pages=468–470
|doi=10.1038/211468a0
|bibcode = 1966Natur.211..468R }}
* {{Citation
|last=Reissner
|first=H.
|date=1916
|title=Über die Eigengravitation des elektrischen Feldes nach der Einsteinschen Theorie
|journal=Annalen der Physik
|volume=355
|issue=9
|pages=106–120
|doi=10.1002/andp.19163550905
|bibcode = 1916AnP...355..106R }}
* {{Citation
|last=Remillard
|first=Ronald A.
|last2=Lin
|first2=Dacheng
|last3=Cooper
|first3=Randall L.
|last4=Narayan
|first4=Ramesh
|title=The Rates of Type I X-Ray Bursts from Transients Observed with RXTE: Evidence for Black Hole Event Horizons
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=646
|issue=1
|pages=407–419
|date=2006
|arxiv=astro-ph/0509758
|doi=10.1086/504862
|bibcode=2006ApJ...646..407R
}}
* {{Citation
|editor-first=Jürgen
|editor-last=Renn
|title=The Genesis of General Relativity (4 Volumes)
|place=Dordrecht
|publisher=Springer
|date=2007
|isbn=1-4020-3999-9}}
* {{Citation
|editor-first=Jürgen
|editor-last=Renn
|title=Albert Einstein—Chief Engineer of the Universe: Einstein's Life and Work in Context
|place=Berlin
|publisher=Wiley-VCH
|date=2005
|isbn=3-527-40571-2}}
* {{Citation
|first= Oscar A.
|last=Reula
|title=Hyperbolic Methods for Einstein's Equations
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=1
|date=1998
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-1998-3
|accessdate=2007-08-29
|doi= 10.12942/lrr-1998-3
|bibcode = 1998LRR.....1....3R }}
* {{Citation
|last=Rindler
|first=Wolfgang
|authorlink=Wolfgang Rindler
|title=Relativity. Special, General and Cosmological
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|date=2001
|isbn=0-19-850836-0
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Rindler
|first=Wolfgang
|title=Introduction to Special Relativity
|publisher= Clarendon Press, Oxford
|date=1991
|isbn=0-19-853952-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Robson
|first=Ian
|date=1996
|title=Active galactic nuclei
|publisher=John Wiley
|isbn=0-471-95853-0
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Roulet
|first=E.
|first2=S.
|last2=Mollerach
|date=1997
|title=Microlensing
|journal=Physics Reports
|volume=279
|issue=2
|pages=67–118
|doi=10.1016/S0370-1573(96)00020-8
|arxiv = astro-ph/9603119 |bibcode = 1997PhR...279...67R }}
* {{cite arXiv
|last=Rovelli
|first=Carlo
|authorlink=Carlo Rovelli
|date=2000
|title=Notes for a brief history of quantum gravity
|class=gr-qc
|eprint=gr-qc/0006061
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Rovelli
|first=Carlo
|title=Loop Quantum Gravity
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=1
|date=1998
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-1998-1
|accessdate=2008-03-13
|doi=10.12942/lrr-1998-1
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Schäfer
|first=Gerhard
|date=2004
|title=Gravitomagnetic Effects
|journal=General Relativity and Gravitation
|volume=36
|issue=10
|pages=2223–2235
|arxiv=gr-qc/0407116
|doi=10.1023/B:GERG.0000046180.97877.32
|bibcode = 2004GReGr..36.2223S }}
* {{Citation
| last=Schödel
|first=R.
|first2=T.
|last2=Ott
|first3=R.
|last3=Genzel
|last4=Eckart
|first4=A.
| last5=Mouawad|date=2003
| first5=N.
| last6=Alexander
| first6=T.
|title=Stellar Dynamics in the Central Arcsecond of Our Galaxy
|journal=Astrophysical Journal
|volume=596
| issue=2
|pages=1015–1034
|arxiv=astro-ph/0306214
|doi=10.1086/378122
| bibcode=2003ApJ...596.1015S}}
* {{Citation
|last=Schutz
|first=Bernard F.
|title=A first course in general relativity
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1985
|isbn=0-521-27703-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Schutz
|first=Bernard F.
|contribution=Gravitational radiation
|title=Encyclopedia of Astronomy and Astrophysics
|editor-last=Murdin
|editor-first=Paul
|publisher=Grove's Dictionaries
|isbn=1-56159-268-4
|date=2001
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Schutz
|first=Bernard F.
|title=Gravity from the ground up
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=2003
|isbn=0-521-45506-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Schwarz
|first=John H.
|authorlink=John H. Schwarz
|title=String Theory: Progress and Problems
|date=2007
|arxiv=hep-th/0702219
|bibcode = 2007PThPS.170..214S |doi = 10.1143/PTPS.170.214
|journal=Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement
|volume=170
|page=214 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Schwarzschild
|first=Karl
|authorlink=Karl Schwarzschild
|title=Über das Gravitationsfeld eines Massenpunktes nach der Einsteinschen Theorie
|journal=Sitzungsber. Preuss. Akad. D. Wiss.
|date=1916a
|pages=189–196
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Schwarzschild
|first=Karl
|authorlink=Karl Schwarzschild
|title=Über das Gravitationsfeld eines Kugel aus inkompressibler Flüssigkeit nach der Einsteinschen Theorie
|journal=Sitzungsber. Preuss. Akad. D. Wiss.
|pages=424–434
|date=1916b
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Seidel
|first=Edward
|contribution=Numerical Relativity: Towards Simulations of 3D Black Hole Coalescence
|title=Gravitation and Relativity: At the turn of the millennium (Proceedings of the GR-15 Conference, held at IUCAA, Pune, India, December 16–21, 1997)
|editor-last=Narlikar
|editor-first=J. V.
|editor2-last=Dadhich
|editor2-first=N.
|publisher=IUCAA
|isbn=81-900378-3-8
|arxiv=gr-qc/9806088
|date=1998
|bibcode = 1998gr.qc.....6088S
|page=6088 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Seljak
|first=Uros̆
|last2=Zaldarriaga
|first2=Matias
|title=Signature of Gravity Waves in the Polarization of the Microwave Background
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=78
|date=1997
|issue=11
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.2054
|arxiv=astro-ph/9609169
|pages=2054–2057
|bibcode=1997PhRvL..78.2054S
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Shapiro
|first=S. S.
|last2=Davis
|first2=J. L.
|last3=Lebach
|first3=D. E.
|last4=Gregory
|first4=J. S.
|title=Measurement of the solar gravitational deflection of radio waves using geodetic very-long-baseline interferometry data, 1979–1999
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=92
|page=121101
|date=2004
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.121101
|pmid=15089661
|issue=12
|bibcode=2004PhRvL..92l1101S
}}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Irwin I. Shapiro
|last=Shapiro
|first=Irwin I.
|date=1964
|title=Fourth test of general relativity
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=13
|issue=26
|pages=789–791
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.789
|bibcode=1964PhRvL..13..789S
}}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Irwin I. Shapiro
|last=Shapiro
|last2=Pettengill|first= I. I.
|first2=Gordon
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.20.1265
|last3=Ash
|first3=Michael
|last4=Stone
|first4=Melvin
|last5=Smith
|first5=William
|last6=Ingalls
|first6=Richard
|last7=Brockelman
|first7=Richard
|title=Fourth test of general relativity: preliminary results
|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.
|volume=20
|issue=22
|pages=1265–1269
|date=1968
|bibcode=1968PhRvL..20.1265S
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Singh
|first=Simon
|authorlink=Simon Singh
|title=[[Big Bang: The Origin of the Universe]]
|publisher=Fourth Estate
|date=2004
|isbn=0-00-715251-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Sorkin
|first=Rafael D.
|authorlink=Rafael Sorkin
|contribution=Causal Sets: Discrete Gravity
|arxiv=gr-qc/0309009
|editor-first=Andres
|editor-last=Gomberoff
|editor2-first=Donald
|editor2-last=Marolf
|title=Lectures on Quantum Gravity
|date=2005
|publisher=Springer
|isbn=0-387-23995-2
|bibcode = 2003gr.qc.....9009S
|page=9009 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Sorkin
|first=Rafael D.
|title=Forks in the Road, on the Way to Quantum Gravity
|arxiv=gr-qc/9706002
|journal=Int. J. Theor. Phys.
|volume=36
|date=1997
|issue=12
|doi=10.1007/BF02435709
|pages=2759–2781
|bibcode = 1997IJTP...36.2759S }}
* {{Citation
| last=Spergel
|first=D. N.
|first2=L.
|last2=Verde
|first3=H. V.
|last3=Peiris
|first4=E.
|last4=Komatsu
| last5=Nolta
|date=2003
| first5=M. R.
| last6=Bennett
| first6=C. L.
| last7=Halpern
| first7=M.
| last8=Hinshaw
| first8=G.
| last9=Jarosik
| first9=N.| displayauthors = 8
|title=First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Determination of Cosmological Parameters
|journal=Astrophys. J. Suppl.
|volume=148
| issue=1
|pages=175–194
|arxiv=astro-ph/0302209
|doi=10.1086/377226
| bibcode=2003ApJS..148..175S
}}
* {{Citation
| first=D. N.
|last=Spergel
|first2=R.
|last2=Bean
|first3=O.
|last3=Doré
|first4=M. R.
| last5=Bennett
|last4=Nolta
| first5=C. L.
| last6=Dunkley
| first6=J.
| last7=Hinshaw
| first7=G.
| last8=Jarosik
| first8=N.
| last9=Komatsu
| first9=E.| displayauthors = 8
|title=Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Three Year Results: Implications for Cosmology
|journal=Astrophysical Journal Supplement
|volume=170
| issue=2
|pages=377–408
|doi=10.1086/513700
|date=2007
|arxiv=astro-ph/0603449
| bibcode=2007ApJS..170..377S
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Springel
|first=Volker
|first2=Simon D. M.
|last2=White
|first3=Adrian
|last3=Jenkins
|first4=Carlos S.
|last4=Frenk
|last5=Yoshida
|date=2005
|first5=Naoki
|last6=Gao
|first6=Liang
|last7=Navarro
|first7=Julio
|last8=Thacker
|first8=Robert
|last9=Croton
|first9=Darren| displayauthors = 8
|title=Simulations of the formation, evolution and clustering of galaxies and quasars
|journal=Nature
|volume=435
|pages=629–636
|doi=10.1038/nature03597
|pmid=15931216| issue=7042
|bibcode=2005Natur.435..629S|arxiv = astro-ph/0504097 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Stairs
|first=Ingrid H.
|date=2003
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2003-5
|title=Testing General Relativity with Pulsar Timing
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=6
|accessdate=2007-07-21
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2003-5
|arxiv = astro-ph/0307536 |bibcode = 2003LRR.....6....5S }}
* {{Citation
|last=Stephani
|first=H.
|last2=Kramer
|first2=D.
|last3=MacCallum
|first3=M.
|last4=Hoenselaers
|first4=C.
|last5=Herlt
|first5=E.
|title=Exact Solutions of Einstein's Field Equations
|edition=2
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=2003
|isbn=0-521-46136-7
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Synge
|first=J. L.
|authorlink=John Lighton Synge
|title=Relativity: The Special Theory
|publisher=North-Holland Publishing Company
|date=1972
|isbn=0-7204-0064-3
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Szabados
|first=László B.
|title=Quasi-Local Energy-Momentum and Angular Momentum in GR
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=7
|date=2004
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2004-4
|accessdate=2007-08-23
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2004-4
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Taylor
|first=Joseph H.
|authorlink=Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.
|date=1994
|journal=Rev. Mod. Phys.
|volume=66
|issue=3
|pages=711–719
|title=Binary pulsars and relativistic gravity
|doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.66.711
|bibcode=1994RvMP...66..711T
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Thiemann
|first=Thomas
|title=Approaches to Fundamental Physics
|date=2006
|bibcode = 2007LNP...721..185T
|ref=harv
|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-71117-9_10
|chapter=Loop Quantum Gravity: An Inside View
|series=Lecture Notes in Physics
|isbn=978-3-540-71115-5
|volume=721
|pages=185–263
|journal=Lect.NotesPhys
|arxiv=hep-th/0608210
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Thiemann
|first=Thomas
|title=Lectures on Loop Quantum Gravity
|date=2003
|journal=Lect. Notes Phys.
|volume=631
|pages=41–135
|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-45230-0_3
|series=Lecture Notes in Physics
|isbn=978-3-540-40810-9
|arxiv = gr-qc/0210094 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Thorne
|first=Kip S.
|authorlink=Kip Thorne
|contribution=Nonspherical Gravitational Collapse—A Short Review
|editor-last=Klauder
|editor-first=J.
|title=Magic without Magic
|pages=231–258
|publisher=W. H. Freeman
|date=1972
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Thorne
|first=Kip S.
|date=1994
|title=Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy
|publisher=W W Norton & Company
|isbn=0-393-31276-3
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Thorne
|first=Kip S.
|date=1995
|title=Gravitational radiation
|isbn=0-521-36853-7
|arxiv= gr-qc/9506086
|bibcode = 1995pnac.conf..160T
|page=160
|journal=Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics and Cosmology in the Next Millenium }}
* {{cite arXiv
|last=Townsend
|first=Paul K.
|title=Black Holes (Lecture notes)
|date=1997
|class=gr-qc
|eprint=gr-qc/9707012
|ref=harv
}}
* {{cite arXiv
|last=Townsend
|first=Paul K.
|title=Four Lectures on M-Theory
|date=1996
|eprint=hep-th/9612121
|bibcode = 1997hepcbconf..385T
|ref=harv
|class=hep-th
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Traschen
|first=Jenny
|contribution=An Introduction to Black Hole Evaporation
|editor-last=Bytsenko
|editor-first=A.
|editor2-last=Williams
|editor2-first=F.
|publisher=World Scientific
|date=2000
|title=Mathematical Methods of Physics (Proceedings of the 1999 Londrina Winter School)
|arxiv=gr-qc/0010055
|bibcode = 2000mmp..conf..180T
|page=180
|journal=Mathematical Methods in Physics }}
* {{Citation
|first=Andrzej
|last=Trautman
|contribution=Einstein–Cartan theory
|title=Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics, Vol. 2
|editor-first=J.-P.
|editor-last=Françoise
|editor2-first=G. L.
|editor2-last=Naber
|editor3-last=Tsou
|editor3-first=S. T.
|publisher=Elsevier
|date=2006
|pages= 189–195
|arxiv=gr-qc/0606062
|bibcode = 2006gr.qc.....6062T }}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Bill Unruh
|last=Unruh
|first=W. G.
|date=1976
|title=Notes on Black Hole Evaporation
|journal=Phys. Rev. D
|volume=14
|issue=4
|pages=870–892
|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.14.870
|bibcode = 1976PhRvD..14..870U }}
* {{Citation
|last=Valtonen|first= M. J.
|last2=Lehto
|first2=H. J.
|last3=Nilsson
|first3=K.
|last4=Heidt
|first4=J.
|last5=Takalo
|first5=L. O.
|last6=Sillanpää
|first6=A.
|last7=Villforth
|first7=C.
|last8=Kidger
|first8=M.
|last9=Poyner
|first9=G.| displayauthors = 8
|title=A massive binary black-hole system in OJ 287 and a test of general relativity
|journal=Nature
|volume=452
|pages=851–853
|date=2008
|doi=10.1038/nature06896
|pmid=18421348
|issue=7189
|bibcode = 2008Natur.452..851V |arxiv = 0809.1280 }}
* {{Citation
|last=Wald
|first=Robert M.
|authorlink=Robert M. Wald
|date=1975
|title=On Particle Creation by Black Holes
|journal=Commun. Math. Phys.
|volume=45
|issue=3
|pages=9–34
|doi=10.1007/BF01609863
|bibcode = 1975CMaPh..45....9W }}
* {{Citation
|last=Wald
|first=Robert M.
|title=[[General Relativity (book)|General Relativity]]
|publisher=University of Chicago Press
|date=1984
|isbn=0-226-87033-2
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Wald
|first=Robert M.
|title=Quantum field theory in curved spacetime and black hole thermodynamics
|publisher=University of Chicago Press
|date=1994
|isbn=0-226-87027-8
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Wald
|first=Robert M.
|date=2001
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2001-6
|title=The Thermodynamics of Black Holes
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=4
|accessdate=2007-08-08
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2001-6
|bibcode = 2001LRR.....4....6W }}
* {{Citation
|last= Walsh
|first= D.
|last2=Carswell
|first2=R. F.
|last3=Weymann
|first3=R. J.
|title=0957 + 561 A, B: twin quasistellar objects or gravitational lens?
|journal=Nature
|volume=279
|pages=381–4
|date=1979
|doi=10.1038/279381a0
|pmid= 16068158
|issue= 5712
|bibcode=1979Natur.279..381W
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Wambsganss
|first=Joachim
|date=1998
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-1998-12
|title=Gravitational Lensing in Astronomy
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|volume=1
|accessdate=2007-07-20
|doi=10.12942/lrr-1998-12
|arxiv = astro-ph/9812021 |bibcode = 1998LRR.....1...12W }}
* {{Citation
|last=Weinberg
|first=Steven
|authorlink=Steven Weinberg
|title=Gravitation and Cosmology
|date=1972
|publisher=John Wiley
|isbn=0-471-92567-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Weinberg
|first=Steven
|title=The Quantum Theory of Fields I: Foundations
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1995
|isbn=0-521-55001-7
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Weinberg
|first=Steven
|title=The Quantum Theory of Fields II: Modern Applications
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1996
|isbn=0-521-55002-5
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Weinberg
|first=Steven
|title=The Quantum Theory of Fields III: Supersymmetry
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=2000
|isbn=0-521-66000-9
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Weisberg
|first=Joel M.
|first2=Joseph H.
|last2=Taylor
|author2-link=Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.
|date=2003
|contribution=The Relativistic Binary Pulsar B1913+16"
|editor-last=Bailes
|editor-first=M.
|editor2-first=D. J.
|editor2-last=Nice
|editor3-first=S. E.
|editor3-last=Thorsett
|editor3-link=Stephen Thorsett
|title=Proceedings of "Radio Pulsars," Chania, Crete, August, 2002
|publisher=ASP Conference Series
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Weiss
|first=Achim
|date=2006
|url=http://www.einstein-online.info/en/spotlights/BBN_obs/index.html
|title=Elements of the past: Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and observation
|journal=[http://www.einstein-online.info/ Einstein Online]
|publisher=Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics
|accessdate=2007-02-24
}}
* {{Citation
|first=John A.
|last=Wheeler
|authorlink=John Archibald Wheeler
|title=A Journey Into Gravity and Spacetime
|series=Scientific American Library
|place=San Francisco
|isbn=0-7167-6034-7
|publisher=W. H. Freeman
|date=1990
}}
* {{Citation
|last=Will
|first=Clifford M.
|authorlink=Clifford Will
|title=Theory and experiment in gravitational physics
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=1993
|isbn=0-521-43973-6
}}
* {{Citation
|authorlink=Clifford Will
|last=Will
|first=Clifford M.
|date=2006
|url=http://www.livingreviews.org/lrr-2006-3
|title=The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment
|journal=Living Rev. Relativity
|accessdate=2007-06-12
|doi=10.12942/lrr-2006-3
|volume=9
|arxiv = gr-qc/0510072 |bibcode = 2006LRR.....9....3W }}
* {{Citation
|last=Zwiebach
|first=Barton
|authorlink=Barton Zwiebach
|title=A First Course in String Theory
|publisher=Cambridge University Press
|date=2004
|isbn=0-521-83143-1
}}
{{refend}}

==Dugang nga barasahon==
;Mga libro nga popular
* {{Citation|last=Geroch|first= R|authorlink=Robert Geroch| title=General Relativity from A to B|location=Chicago|publisher=University of Chicago Press|date=1981|isbn=0-226-28864-1}}
* {{Citation|author=Lieber, Lillian|authorlink=Lillian Lieber| title=The Einstein Theory of Relativity: A Trip to the Fourth Dimension|location=Philadelphia|publisher=Paul Dry Books, Inc.|date=2008|isbn=978-1-58988-044-3}}
* {{Citation|author=Wald, Robert M.|authorlink=Robert Wald|title=Space, Time, and Gravity: the Theory of the Big Bang and Black Holes|location=Chicago|publisher=University of Chicago Press|date=1992|isbn=0-226-87029-4}}
* {{citation|authorlink=John Archibald Wheeler|last1=Wheeler|first1=John|last2=Ford|first2=Kenneth|date=1998|title=Geons, Black Holes, & Quantum Foam: a life in physics|isbn=0-393- 31991-1|location=New York |publisher=W. W. Norton }}
;Beginning undergraduate textbooks
* {{Citation|author=Callahan, James J.|title=The Geometry of Spacetime: an Introduction to Special and General Relativity| location=New York|publisher=Springer|date=2000|isbn=0-387-98641-3}}
* {{Citation|author=Taylor, Edwin F.; [[John Archibald Wheeler|Wheeler, John Archibald]]|title=Exploring Black Holes: Introduction to General Relativity|publisher=Addison Wesley|date=2000|isbn=0-201-38423-X}}

;Advanced undergraduate textbooks
* {{Citation|author=B. F. Schutz|title=A First Course in General Relativity (Second Edition)|publisher=Cambridge University Press| date=2009|isbn=978-0-521-88705-2}}
* {{Citation|author=Cheng, Ta-Pei|title=Relativity, Gravitation and Cosmology: a Basic Introduction|location=Oxford and New York| publisher=Oxford University Press| date=2005|isbn=0-19-852957-0}}
* {{Citation|last=Gron|first=O.|last2=Hervik|first2=S.| title=Einstein's General theory of Relativity|publisher=Springer|date=2007|isbn=978-0-387-69199-2}}
* {{Citation|author=Hartle, James B.|authorlink=James Hartle|title=Gravity: an Introduction to Einstein's General Relativity|location=San Francisco|publisher=Addison-Wesley|date=2003|isbn=0-8053-8662-9}}
* {{Citation|author=[[Lane P. Hughston|Hughston, L. P.]] & Tod, K. P.|title=Introduction to General Relativity|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1991|isbn=0-521-33943-X}}
* {{Citation|author=d'Inverno, Ray|title=Introducing Einstein's Relativity|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1992|isbn=0-19-859686-3}}
*{{cite book|last=Ludyk|first=Günter|title=Einstein in Matrix Form|date=2013|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn= 9783642357978 |edition=1st ed.}}

;Graduate-level textbooks
* {{Citation|author=Carroll, Sean M.|authorlink=Sean M. Carroll|title=Spacetime and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity|location=San Francisco|publisher=Addison-Wesley|date=2004|isbn=0-8053-8732-3|url=http://spacetimeandgeometry.net/}}
* {{Citation|last=Grøn|first=Øyvind |authorlink=Øyvind Grøn| author2=Hervik, Sigbjørn|title=Einstein's General Theory of Relativity|location=New York|publisher=Springer|date=2007|isbn=978-0-387-69199-2}}
* {{Citation|author=Landau, Lev D.|authorlink=Lev Landau|author2= Lifshitz, Evgeny F.| author2-link=Evgeny Lifshitz|title=The Classical Theory of Fields (4th ed.)|location=London|publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann|date=1980|isbn=0-7506-2768-9}}
* {{Citation|first=Charles W.|last=Misner|authorlink=Charles W. Misner|first2=Kip. S.|last2=Thorne|author2-link=Kip Thorne|first3=John A.|last3=Wheeler|author3-link=John A. Wheeler|title=[[Gravitation (book)|Gravitation]]|publisher= W. H. Freeman|date=1973|isbn=0-7167-0344-0}}
* {{Citation|author=Stephani, Hans|title=General Relativity: An Introduction to the Theory of the Gravitational Field,|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=1990|isbn=0-521-37941-5}}
* {{Citation|last=Wald|first=Robert M.|authorlink=Robert Wald|title=[[General Relativity (book)|General Relativity]]|publisher=University of Chicago Press|date=1984|isbn=0-226-87033-2}}

==Mga sumpay ha gawas==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikibooks}}
{{Wikisource portal|Relativity}}
* [http://publicliterature.org/books/relativity/xaa.php ''Relativity: The special and general theory''] ([http://publicliterature.org/pdf/relat10.pdf PDF])
* [http://www.einstein-online.info/ Einstein Online] – Articles on a variety of aspects of relativistic physics for a general audience; hosted by the [[Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics]]
* [http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/NumRel/NumRelHome.html NCSA Spacetime Wrinkles] – produced by the [[numerical relativity]] group at the [[National Center for Supercomputing Applications|NCSA]], with an elementary introduction to general relativity

;Courses/Lectures/Tutorials
* {{YouTube|id=hbmf0bB38h0&list=EC6C8BDEEBA6BDC78D|title=Einstein's General Theory of Relativity}} by [[Leonard Susskind]]'s Modern Physics lectures. Recorded September 22, 2008 at [[Stanford University]]
* [http://www.luth.obspm.fr/IHP06/ Series of lectures on General Relativity] given in 2006 at the Institut Henri Poincaré (introductory courses and advanced ones).
* [http://www.math.ucr.edu/home/baez/gr/ General Relativity Tutorials] by [[John Baez]]
* {{cite web|author=Brown, Kevin|title=Reflections on relativity|work=Mathpages.com|url=http://www.mathpages.com/rr/rrtoc.htm|accessdate=May 29, 2005}}
* {{cite web|author=Carroll, Sean M.|title=Lecture Notes on General Relativity|url=http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9712019|accessdate=January 5, 2014}}
* {{cite web|author=Moor, Rafi|title=Understanding General Relativity|url=http://www.rafimoor.com/english/GRE.htm|accessdate=July 11, 2006}}
* {{cite web|author=Waner, Stefan|title=Introduction to Differential Geometry and General Relativity|url=http://people.hofstra.edu/faculty/Stefan_Waner/RealWorld/pdfs/DiffGeom.pdf| accessdate=2006-01-31|format=PDF}}


[[Kaarangay:Albert Einstein]]
[[Kaarangay:Albert Einstein]]

Giuurhii nga pagliwat han 04:24, 26 Agosto 2018

An Kasahiran nga teyorya han relatividad (Iningles: General relativity o general theory of relativity) amo an teyorya nga han espasyo ngan oras nga nahunahunaan ni Albert Einstein.

Pinanbasaran[igliwat | Igliwat an wikitext]