Talaan hin mga Mangulo han Estados Unidos
Ha ilarom han Batakan Balaud han Estados Unidos, an Mangulo han Estados Unidos in an ulo han estado ngan ulo han kagamhanan han Estados Unidos. Ha pagiging pinuno han sanga hit tagapagpatuman ngan ulo han kagamhanan federal ha pankabug-osan, an mangulohan in an gihataasi nga buhatan political han Estados Unidos ha impluwensiya ngan pagkakilala. Hiya liwat an Pinuno-nga-Tagasugo ha Nakaarmas nga Kusog han Estados Unidos. An mangulo in diri direkta nga ginpipili ha upat-ka-tuig nga termino han Kolehiyo Electoral (o ha pinaagi han Camara de Representante kon an Kolehiyo Electoral in diri makahatag hin mayorya absoluta ha bisan hin-o nga tawo). Tikang ha pagratifica han ika-duhakanapulo-kagduha nga pagliwan han Batakan Balaud han Estados Unidos ha 1951, waray tawo an poyde mapili ha buhatan han mangulo ha labaw ha duha ka beses. Kun linmingkod ha labaw han duha ka mga tuig ha termino nga may nahauna, diri na gintutugutan ini nga tawo nga mapili utro ha labaw han usa nga piniliay. Ha pagkamatay, pagbul-iw hit pwesto, o ha pagkatanggal tikang ha buhatan han mangulo nga nalingkod, an Sugbong Mangulo an masunod nga makapot han buhatan.
Sulod |
List of presidents [igliwat]
- Parties
Waray partido Federalista Demokratiko-Republikano Demokratiko Whig Republikano
| Ihap [n 1] |
Mangulo | Linmingkod ha puwesto | Binmiya ha puwesto | Partido | Panahon hin pag-alagad [n 1] |
Sugbong-Mangulo | Kataposan nga puwestso nga ginkaptan ugsa han pag-inagurar [1] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | George Washington (1732–1799) [2][3][4] |
Abril 30, 1789 | Marso 4, 1797 | Independente [5] | 1 (1789) | John Adams | Komandante-en-Hefe han Continental Army (1775–1783) | ||
| 2 (1792) | |||||||||
| 2 | John Adams (1735–1826) [6][7][8] |
Marso 4, 1797 | Marso 4, 1801 | Federalista | 3 (1796) | Thomas Jefferson | Vice President | ||
| 3 | Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) [9][10][11] |
March 4, 1801 | March 4, 1809 | Democratic- Republican |
4 (1800) | Aaron Burr | Vice President | ||
| 5 (1804) | George Clinton | ||||||||
| 4 | James Madison (1751–1836) [12][13][14] |
March 4, 1809 | March 4, 1817 | Democratic- Republican |
6 (1808) | George Clinton[n 2] March 4, 1809 – April 20, 1812 |
Secretary of State (1801–1809) | ||
| vacant[n 3] April 20, 1812 – March 4, 1813 |
|||||||||
| 7 (1812) | Elbridge Gerry[n 2] March 4, 1813 – November 23, 1814 |
||||||||
| vacant[n 3] November 23, 1814 – March 4, 1817 |
|||||||||
| 5 | James Monroe (1758–1831) [15][16][17] |
March 4, 1817 | March 4, 1825 | Democratic- Republican |
8 (1816) | Daniel D. Tompkins | Secretary of State (1811–1817) | ||
| 9 (1820) | |||||||||
| 6 | John Quincy Adams (1767–1848) [18][19][20] |
March 4, 1825 | March 4, 1829 | Democratic- Republican |
10 (1824) | John C. Calhoun | Secretary of State (1817–1825) | ||
| 7 | Andrew Jackson (1767–1845) [21][22][23] |
March 4, 1829 | March 4, 1837 | Democratic | 11 (1828) | John C. Calhoun[n 4] March 4, 1829 – December 28, 1832 |
U.S. Senator (1823–1825) | ||
| vacant[n 3] December 28, 1832 – March 4, 1833 |
|||||||||
| 12 (1832) | Martin Van Buren | ||||||||
| 8 | Martin Van Buren (1782–1862) [24][25][26] |
March 4, 1837 | March 4, 1841 | Democratic | 13 (1836) | Richard Mentor Johnson | Vice President | ||
| 9 | William Henry Harrison (1773–1841) [27][28][29] |
March 4, 1841 | April 4, 1841 [n 2] |
Whig | 14 (1840) | John Tyler | Minister to Colombia (1828–1829) | ||
| 10 [n 5] |
John Tyler (1790–1862) [30][31][32] |
April 4, 1841 | March 4, 1845 | Whig April 4, 1841 – September 13, 1841 |
vacant[n 3] | Vice President | |||
| no party[n 6] September 13, 1841 – March 4, 1845 |
|||||||||
| 11 | James K. Polk (1795–1849) [33][34][35] |
March 4, 1845 | March 4, 1849 | Democratic | 15 (1844) | George M. Dallas | Governor of Tennessee (1839–1841) | ||
| 12 | Zachary Taylor (1784–1850) [36][37][38] |
March 4, 1849 | July 9, 1850 [n 2] |
Whig | 16 (1848) | Millard Fillmore | U.S. Army Major general | ||
| 13 | Millard Fillmore (1800–1874) [39][40][41] |
July 9, 1850 | March 4, 1853 | Whig | vacant[n 3] | Vice President | |||
| 14 | Franklin Pierce (1804–1869) [42][43][44] |
March 4, 1853 | March 4, 1857 | Democratic | 17 (1852) | William R. King[n 2] March 4, 1853 – April 18, 1853 |
U.S. Senator (1837–1842) | ||
| vacant[n 3] April 18, 1853 – March 4, 1857 |
|||||||||
| 15 | James Buchanan (1791–1868) [45][46][47] |
March 4, 1857 | March 4, 1861 | Democratic | 18 (1856) | John C. Breckinridge | United States Minister to the United Kingdom (1853–1856) | ||
| 16 | Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865) [48][49][50] |
March 4, 1861 | April 15, 1865 [n 7] |
Republican | 19 (1860) | Hannibal Hamlin | U.S. Representative (1847–1849) | ||
| Republican National Union[n 8] |
20 (1864) | Andrew Johnson | |||||||
| 17 | Andrew Johnson (1808–1875) [51][52][53] |
April 15, 1865 | March 4, 1869 | Democratic National Union;[n 8] no party[n 9] |
vacant [n 3] |
Vice President | |||
| 18 | Ulysses S. Grant (1822–1885) [54][55][56] |
March 4, 1869 | March 4, 1877 | Republican | 21 (1868) | Schuyler Colfax | Commanding General of the Army (1864–1869) | ||
| 22 (1872) | Henry Wilson[n 2] March 4, 1873 – November 22, 1875 |
||||||||
| vacant[n 3] November 22, 1875 – March 4, 1877 |
|||||||||
| 19 | Rutherford B. Hayes (1822–1893) [57][58][59] |
March 4, 1877 | March 4, 1881 | Republican | 23 (1876) | William A. Wheeler | Governor of Ohio (1868–1872 & 1876–1877) | ||
| 20 | James A. Garfield (1831–1881) [60][61][62] |
March 4, 1881 | September 19, 1881 [n 7] |
Republican | 24 (1880) | Chester A. Arthur | U.S. Representative | ||
| 21 | Chester A. Arthur (1829–1886) [63][64][65] |
September 19, 1881 | March 4, 1885 | Republican | vacant[n 3] | Vice President | |||
| 22 | Grover Cleveland (1837–1908) [66][67] |
March 4, 1885 | March 4, 1889 | Democratic | 25 (1884) | Thomas A. Hendricks[n 2] March 4, 1885 – November 25, 1885 |
Governor of New York (1883–1885) | ||
| vacant[n 3] November 25, 1885 – March 4, 1889 |
|||||||||
| 23 | Benjamin Harrison (1833–1901) [68][69][70] |
March 4, 1889 | March 4, 1893 | Republican | 26 (1888) | Levi P. Morton | U.S. Senator (1881–1887) | ||
| 24 | Grover Cleveland (1837–1908) [66][67] |
March 4, 1893 | March 4, 1897 | Democratic | 27 (1892) | Adlai Stevenson I | President (1885–1889) | ||
| 25 | William McKinley (1843–1901) [71][72][73] |
March 4, 1897 | September 14, 1901 [n 7] |
Republican | 28 (1896) | Garret Hobart[n 2] March 4, 1897 – November 21, 1899 |
Governor of Ohio (1892–1896) | ||
| vacant[n 3] November 21, 1899 – March 4, 1901 |
|||||||||
| 29 (1900) | Theodore Roosevelt | ||||||||
| 26 | Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919) [74][75][76] |
September 14, 1901 | March 4, 1909 | Republican | vacant[n 3] | Vice President | |||
| 30 (1904) | Charles W. Fairbanks | ||||||||
| 27 | William Howard Taft (1857–1930) [77][78][79] |
March 4, 1909 | March 4, 1913 | Republican | 31 (1908) | James S. Sherman[n 2] March 4, 1909 – October 30, 1912 |
Secretary of War (1904–1908) | ||
| vacant[n 3] October 30, 1912 – March 4, 1913 |
|||||||||
| 28 | Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924) [80][81][82] |
March 4, 1913 | March 4, 1921 | Democratic | 32 (1912) | Thomas R. Marshall | Governor of New Jersey (1911–1913) | ||
| 33 (1916) | |||||||||
| 29 | Warren G. Harding (1865–1923) [83][84][85] |
March 4, 1921 | August 2, 1923 [n 2] |
Republican | 34 (1920) | Calvin Coolidge | U.S. Senator (1915–1921) | ||
| 30 | Calvin Coolidge (1872–1933) [86][87][88] |
August 2, 1923 | March 4, 1929 | Republican | vacant[n 3] | Vice President | |||
| 35 (1924) | Charles G. Dawes | ||||||||
| 31 | Herbert Hoover (1874–1964) [89][90][91] |
March 4, 1929 | March 4, 1933 | Republican | 36 (1928) | Charles Curtis | Secretary of Commerce (1921–1928) | ||
| 32 | Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945) [92][93][94] |
Marso 4, 1933 | Abril 12, 1945 [n 2] |
Democratic | 37 (1932) [n 10] |
John Nance Garner | Governor of New York (1929–1932) | ||
| 38 (1936) | |||||||||
| 39 (1940) | Henry A. Wallace | ||||||||
| 40 (1944) | Harry S. Truman | ||||||||
| 33 | Harry S. Truman (1884–1972) [95][96][97] |
April 12, 1945 | January 20, 1953 | Democratic | vacant[n 3] | Vice President | |||
| 41 (1948) | Alben W. Barkley | ||||||||
| 34 | Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890–1969) [98][99][100] |
January 20, 1953 | January 20, 1961 [n 11] |
Republican | 42 (1952) | Richard Nixon | Supreme Allied Commander Europe (1949–1952) | ||
| 43 (1956) | |||||||||
| 35 | John F. Kennedy (1917–1963) [101][102][103] |
January 20, 1961 | November 22, 1963 [n 7] |
Democratic | 44 (1960) | Lyndon B. Johnson | U.S. Senator (1953–1960) | ||
| 36 | 100px | Lyndon B. Johnson (1908–1973) [104][105] |
November 22, 1963 | January 20, 1969 | Democratic | vacant[n 3] | Vice President | ||
| 45 (1964) | Hubert Humphrey January 20, 1965 – January 20, 1969 |
||||||||
| 37 | Richard Nixon (1913–1994) [106][107][108] |
January 20, 1969 | August 9, 1974 [n 4] |
Republican | 46 (1968) | Spiro Agnew[n 4] January 20, 1969 – October 10, 1973 |
Vice President (1953–1961) | ||
| 47 (1972) | |||||||||
| vacant[n 3] October 10, 1973 – December 6, 1973 |
|||||||||
| Gerald Ford December 6, 1973 – August 9, 1974 |
|||||||||
| 38 | Gerald Ford (1913–2006) [109][110][111] |
August 9, 1974 | January 20, 1977 | Republican | vacant[n 3] August 9, 1974 – December 19, 1974 |
Vice President | |||
| Nelson Rockefeller December 19, 1974 – January 20, 1977 |
|||||||||
| 39 | Jimmy Carter (b.1924) [112][113][114] |
January 20, 1977 | January 20, 1981 | Democratic | 48 (1976) | Walter Mondale | Governor of Georgia (1971–1975) | ||
| 40 | Ronald Reagan (1911–2004) [115][116][117] |
January 20, 1981 | January 20, 1989 | Republican | 49 (1980) | George H. W. Bush | Governor of California (1967–1975) | ||
| 50 (1984) | |||||||||
| 41 | 100px | George H. W. Bush (b.1924) [118][119][120] |
January 20, 1989 | January 20, 1993 | Republican | 51 (1988) | Dan Quayle | Vice President | |
| 42 | 100px | Bill Clinton (b.1946) [121][122][123] |
January 20, 1993 | January 20, 2001 | Democratic | 52 (1992) | Al Gore | Governor of Arkansas (1979–1981 & 1983–1992) | |
| 53 (1996) | |||||||||
| 43 | 100px | George W. Bush (b.1946) [124][125][126] |
January 20, 2001 | January 20, 2009 | Republican | 54 (2000) | Dick Cheney | Governor of Texas (1995–2000) | |
| 55 (2004) | |||||||||
| 44 | Barack Obama (b.1961) [127][128][129] |
January 20, 2009 | Incumbent | Democratic | 56 (2008) | Joe Biden | U.S. Senator (2005–2008) | ||
| 57 (2012) | |||||||||
Mga buhi nga kasanhi nga mangulo [igliwat]
tikang han Nobyembre 2012[update], mayda upat nga buhi nga mga kasanhi nga mangulo:
| Mangulo | Panahon hin pag-alagad | Pitsa hin pagkatawo |
|---|---|---|
| Jimmy Carter | 1977–1981 | Oktubre 1, 1924 |
| George H. W. Bush | 1989–1993 | Hunyo 12, 1924 |
| Bill Clinton | 1993–2001 | Agosto 19, 1946 |
| George W. Bush | 2001–2009 | Hulyo 6, 1946 |
An gi-urhi-i nga kamatay hin kasanhi nga mangulo amo an kan Gerald Ford (1974–1977) dida han Disyembre 26, 2006, edad 93.
See also [igliwat]
Notes [igliwat]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 For the purposes of numbering, a presidency is defined as an uninterupted period of time in office served by one person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of 37th president Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right. Grover Cleveland was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive. A period during which a vice-president temporarily becomes Acting President under the Twenty-fifth Amendment is not a presidency, because the president remains in office during such a period.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 Died in office of natural causes.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1967, there was no mechanism by which a vacancy in the Vice Presidency could be filled. Richard Nixon was the first president to fill such a vacancy under the provisions of the Twenty-fifth Amendment when he appointed Gerald Ford. Ford later became the second president to fill a vice presidential vacancy when he appointed Nelson Rockefeller to succeed him.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Resigned.
- ↑ Being the first vice president to assume the presidency, Tyler set a precedent that a vice president who assumes the office of president becomes a fully functioning president who has his own presidency, as opposed to just a caretaker president. His political opponents attempted to refer to him as "Acting President", but he refused to allow that. The Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution put Tyler's precedent into the Constitution.
- ↑ Former Democrat who ran for Vice President on Whig ticket. Clashed with Whig congressional leaders and was expelled from the Whig party in 1841.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Assassinated.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson were, respectively, a Republican and a Democrat who ran on the National Union ticket in 1864.
- ↑ Andrew Johnson did not identify with the two main parties while president and tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union label. His failure to build a true National Union Party left Johnson without a party.
- ↑ This term was shortened by 43 days due to the Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution going into effect, moving inauguration day from March 4 to January 20.
- ↑ Dwight Eisenhower is the first president to have been legally prohibited by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution from seeking a third term.
References [igliwat]
- ↑ kataposan nga puwesto, kun waray
- ↑ The White House (March 12, 2007). Biography of George Washington. Whitehouse.gov. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ George Washington – no Political Party – 1st President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799). American Presidents: Life Portraits. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Partido ha politika ni Washington
- ↑ Biography of John Adams. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ John Adams – Federalist Party – 2nd President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ John Adams (October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Thomas Jefferson. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Thomas Jefferson – Democratic-Republican Party – 3rd President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of James Madison. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James Madison – Democratic-Republican Party – 4th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James Madison (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of James Madison. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James Monroe – Democratic-Republican Party – 5th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James Monroe (April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of John Quincy Adams. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ John Quincy Adams – Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, WHIG Party – 6th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Andrew Jackson. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Andrew Jackson – Democratic-Republican Party – 7th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Martin Van Buren. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Martin Van Buren – Democratic-Republican, Democratic, and Free Soil Party – 8th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Martin Van Buren (December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of William Henry Harrison. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ William Henry Harrison – WHIG Party – 9th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 – April 4, 1841). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of John Tyler. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ John Tyler – No Party – 10th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of James Polk. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James Polk – Democratic Party – 11th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James K. Polk (November 2, 1795 – June 15, 1849). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Zachary Tyler. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Zachary Taylor – WHIG Party – 12th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Millard Fillmore. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Millard Filmore – WHIG Party – 13th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Franklin Pierce. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Franklin Pierce – Democratic Party – 14th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of James Buchanan. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James Buchanan – Democratic Party – 15th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James Buchanan (April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Abraham Lincoln. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Abraham Lincoln – Republic, National Union Party – 16th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Andrew Johnson. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Andrew Johnson – National Union Party – 17th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Ulysses S. Grant. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Ulysses S. Grant – National Union Party – 18th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Ulysses S. Grant (April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Rutherford B. Hayes. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Rutherford B. Hayes – Republican Party – 19th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Rutherford B. Hayes (October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of James Garfield. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James Garfield – Republican Party – 20th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ James A. Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Chester Arthur. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Chester A. Arthur – Republican Party – 21st President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Chester A. Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ 66.0 66.1 Grover Cleveland – Democratic Party – 22nd and 24th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ 67.0 67.1 Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Benjamin Harrison. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ William Henry Harrison – Whig Party – 23rd President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833 – March 13, 1901). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of William McKinley. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ William McKinley – Republican Party – 25th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ William McKinley (January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Theodore Roosevelt. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Theodore Roosevelt – Republican, Bull Moose Party – 26th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Theodore Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of William Howard Taft. Whitehouse.gov: (March 13, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ William Howard Taft – Republican Party – 27th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Woodrow Wilson. Whitehouse.gov: (March 13, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Woodrow Wilson – Democratic Party – 28th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Warren G. Harding. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Warren Harding – Republican Party – 29th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Warren G. Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Calvin Coolidge. Whitehouse.gov: (March 13, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Calvin Coolidge – Republican Party – 30th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Calvin Coolidge (July 4, 1872 – January 5, 1933). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Herbert Hoover. Whitehouse.gov: (March 13, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Herbert Hoover – Republican Party – 31st President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Herbert Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Whitehouse.gov: (March 20, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Franklin D. Roosevelt – Democratic Party – 32nd President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Franklin D. Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Harry S Truman. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Harry S Truman – Democratic Party – 33rd President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Harry S Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Dwight D. Eisenhower. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Dwight D. Eisenhower – Democratic Party – 34th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Dwight D. Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of John F. Kennedy. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ John F. Kennedy – Democratic Party – 35th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ John F. Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson – Democratic Party – 36th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson (August 27, 1908 – January 22, 1973). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Richard M. Nixon. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Richard Nixon – Republican Party – 37th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Richard M. Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Gerald R. Ford. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Gerald Ford – Republican Party – 38th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Gerald R. Ford (July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Jimmy Carter. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Jimmy Carter – Democratic Party – 39th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Jimmy Carter (October 1, 1924 – ). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of Ronald Reagan. Whitehouse.gov: (June 25, 2008). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Ronald Reagan – Republican Party – 40th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Ronald Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of George Herbert Walker Bush. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ George H. W. Bush – Republican Party – 41st President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ George Bush (June 12, 1924 – ). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of William J. Clinton. Whitehouse.gov: (March 12, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Bill Clinton – Democratic Party – 42nd President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Bill Clinton (August 19, 1946 – ). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Biography of President George W. Bush. Whitehouse.gov: (February 25, 2007). Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ George W. Bush – Republican Party – 43rd President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ George W. Bush (July 6, 1946 – ). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ President Barack Obama. Whitehouse.gov: (January 20, 2009). Ginkità dida han January 20, 2009.
- ↑ Barack Obama – Democratic Party – 44th President – American Presidents. History. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
- ↑ Barack Obama (August 4, 1961 – ). American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Ginkità dida han January 12, 2009.
External links [igliwat]
| An Wikimedia Commons mayda media nga nahahanungod han: Talaan hin mga Mangulo han Estados Unidos |
- Whitehouse.gov: The Presidents
- The Hauenstein Center for Presidential Studies –Grand Valley State University
- POTUS: Presidents of the United States – Internet Public Library