↑McCord, W.P. & Joseph-Ouni, M. (2002) Chelonian illustrations #1: South American Toadhead Turtles., Reptilia (GB) (21): 34-38
↑Alderton, D. (1988) Turtles and tortoises of the world., Facts on File, New York.
↑Gaffney, Eugene S. (1977) The side-necked turtle family Chelidae: a theory of relationships using shared derived characters, American Museum Novitates (2620): 1-28
↑Wermuth, H., and R. Mertens. (1977) Liste der rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien. Testudines, Crocodylia, Rhynchocephalia., Das Tierreich. Berlin. 100: i-xxvii, 1-174
12Duméril, A.M.C., and G. Bibron. (1835) Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles, Vol. 2., Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, 680 p.
