Syensya

An syensya (tikang ha Linatin scientia, kasirigngon "kaaradman") amo an paghalikwat hin mga batun para madug-ngan an kaaradman, ngan an organisado nga bahin han kaaradman nga nabibilngan ha pamaagi hini.

An gintikangan han syensya mababaybay ngadto san Ancient Egypt ngan Mesopotamia sadton mga 3500 tobtob 3000 BCE. An ira kontribusyon sa mathematics, astronomiya , ngan pagtaga-medisina nagbug'os san philosopiya sadton mga sina-una na mga Greyego.

Mga Sanga san Syensya

An moderno na syensya amo in binabahin sin tulo na sanga; natural sciences (e.g., biology, chemistry, ngan physics), an pag' aram san mga butang na nakapalibot sa aton; an social sciences(e.g., economics, psychology, ngan sociology), an pag'aram adton mga indibiduwal ngan mga sosyodad; ngan an formal sciences (e.g., logic, mathematics, ngan theoretical computer science), na hiunung san mga abstract concpt. Lugaring la, may ada argumento kun an formal sciences matuod ba na syensya tungod kay diri ini ginpapasarig san empirical evidence.

Adton mga disciplina na nagamit san existing scientific knowledge para san praktikal na gamit, sugad san engineering ngan medicine, amo in gintatawag na applied sciences.

Mga reperensya

• Crease, Robert P. (2009). The Great Equations. New York: W.W. Norton. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-393-06204-5 
• Crease, Robert P. (2011). World in the Balance: the historic quest for an absolute system of measurement. New York: W.W. Norton. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-393-07298-3. 
• di Francia, Giuliano Toraldo (1976). The Investigation of the Physical World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29925-X  Originally published in Italian as L'Indagine del Mondo Fisico by Giulio Einaudi editore 1976; first published in English by Cambridge University Press 1981.
• Fara, Patricia (2009). Science : a four thousand year history. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 408. ISBN 978-0-19-922689-4. 
• Feyerabend, Paul (1993). Against Method (3rd ed.). London: Verso. ISBN 0-86091-646-4. 
• Feyerabend, Paul (2005). Science, history of the philosophy, as cited in Honderich, Ted (2005). The Oxford companion to philosophy. Oxford Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-926479-1. OCLC 173262485. 
• Godfrey-Smith, Peter (2003). Theory and Reality. Chicago 60637: University of Chicago. p. 272. ISBN 0-226-30062-5. 
• Feynman, R.P. (1999). The Pleasure of Finding Things Out: The Best Short Works of Richard P. Feynman. Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02395-9. OCLC 181597764. 
• Heilbron, J. L. (editor-in-chief) (2003). The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science. New York: Oxford University Press.. ISBN 0-19-511229-6. 
• Lindberg, D. C. (1976). Theories of Vision from al-Kindi to Kepler. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Pr.. 
• Needham, Joseph (1954). "Science and Civilisation in China: Introductory Orientations". 1. Cambridge University Press.
• Nola, Robert; Irzik, Gürol (2005). Philosophy, science, education and culture. Science & technology education library. 28. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-3769-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=HRqDnikufC0C. 
• Papineau, David. (2005). Science, problems of the philosophy of., as cited in Honderich, Ted (2005). The Oxford companion to philosophy. Oxford Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-926479-1. OCLC 173262485. 
• Parkin, D. (1991). Philip M. Peek. ed. African Divination Systems: Ways of Knowing. Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press. .
• Polanyi, Michael (1958). Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-67288-3 
• Popper, Karl Raimund (1996) [1984]. In search of a better world: lectures and essays from thirty years. New York, NY: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-13548-6. http://books.google.com/books?id=L33XSZE77OkC. 
• Popper, Karl R. (2002) [1959]. The Logic of Scientific Discovery. New York, NY: Routledge Classics. ISBN 0-415-27844-9. OCLC 59377149. 
• Stanovich, Keith E. (2007). How to Think Straight About Psychology. Boston: Pearson Education. ISBN 978-0-205-68590-5. 
• Ziman, John (1978). Reliable knowledge: An exploration of the grounds for belief in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 197. ISBN 0-521-22087-4 

Dugang nga barasahon

• Augros, Robert M., Stanciu, George N., "The New Story of Science: mind and the universe", Lake Bluff, Ill.: Regnery Gateway, c1984. ISBN 0-89526-833-7
• Becker, Ernest (1968). The structure of evil; an essay on the unification of the science of man. New York: G. Braziller. 
• Cole, K. C., Things your teacher never told you about science: Nine shocking revelations Newsday, Long Island, New York, March 23, 1986, pg 21+
• Feynman, Richard "Cargo Cult Science"
• Gaukroger, Stephen (2006). The Emergence of a Scientific Culture: Science and the Shaping of Modernity 1210–1685. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-929644-8. 
• Gopnik, Alison, "Finding Our Inner Scientist", Daedalus, Winter 2004.
• Krige, John, and Dominique Pestre, eds., Science in the Twentieth Century, Routledge 2003, ISBN 0-415-28606-9
• Levin, Yuval (2008). Imagining the Future: Science and American Democracy. New York, Encounter Books. ISBN 1-59403-209-2
• Kuhn, Thomas, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 1962.
• William F., McComas (1998). "The principal elements of the nature of science: Dispelling the myths". In McComas, William F.. The nature of science in science education: rationales and strategies. Springer. ISBN 978-0-7923-6168-8. http://earthweb.ess.washington.edu/roe/Knowability_590/Week2/Myths%20of%20Science.pdf 
• Obler, Paul C.; Estrin, Herman A. (1962). The New Scientist: Essays on the Methods and Values of Modern Science. Anchor Books, Doubleday. 
• Russell, Bertrand (1985) [1952]. The Impact of Science on Society. London: Unwin. ISBN 0-04-300090-8. 
• Rutherford, F. James; Ahlgren, Andrew (1990). Science for all Americans. New York, NY: American Association for the Advancement of Science, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-506771-1. 
• Thurs, Daniel Patrick (2007). Science Talk: Changing Notions of Science in American Popular Culture. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. pp. 22–52. ISBN 978-0-8135-4073-3. 

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Publications

• "GCSE Science textbook". Wikibooks.org

Mga balita

• Nature News. Science news by the journal Nature
• New Scientist. An weekly magazine published by Reed Business Information
• ScienceDaily
• Science Newsline
• Sciencia
• Discover Magazine
• Irish Science News from Discover Science & Engineering
• Science Stage Scientific Videoportal and Community

Resources

• Euroscience:
  • "ESOF: Euroscience Open Forum". Ginhipos tikang han orihinal han 10 June 2010.
• Science Development in the Latin American docta
• Classification of the Sciences in Dictionary of the History of Ideas. (Dictionary's new electronic format is badly botched, entries after "Design" are inaccessible. Internet Archive old version).
• "Nature of Science" University of California Museum of Paleontology
• United States Science Initiative Selected science information provided by US Government agencies, including research & development results
• How science works University of California Museum of Paleontology